{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T08:38:40Z","timestamp":1785832720159,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":105,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,15]],"date-time":"2025-11-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763164800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,15]],"date-time":"2025-11-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763164800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Ultrasound Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The diagnosis of post\u2010thrombotic syndrome (PTS) is based on the presence of typical symptoms and signs in a patient with prior deep vein thrombosis (DVT). This condition occurs as a consequence of venous hypertension associated with deep vein system obstruction and venous valve dysfunction. Although there are no standardized diagnostic tests for this disease, ultrasound findings may be very useful for its diagnosis, prediction, treatment, and follow\u2010up.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We performed a comprehensive review of the literature available in the scientific databases PubMed and Medline until May 1, 2025, selecting 42 articles of interest, which included the main international clinical practice guidelines. We then summarized the available evidence on the usefulness of Duplex ultrasound in the evaluation of patients with PTS associated with DVT of the lower limbs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although the diagnosis of PTS is primarily based on clinical criteria, ultrasound identification of chronic post\u2010thrombotic changes may increase the reliability of clinical diagnostic scores. Residual venous obstruction, assessed 3\u20136\u2009months after diagnosis of DVT, and to a lesser extent popliteal valve reflux are associated with an increased risk of developing PTS. This finding may be relevant to guide the duration of anticoagulant therapy, but also to identify patients who benefit most from continued treatment with elastic compression stockings to reduce the risk of PTS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Duplex ultrasound assessment provides complementary information to clinical manifestations in the evaluation of patients with PTS, leading to better diagnostic accuracy. Its findings might also allow predicting PTS after an episode of DVT of the lower limbs, and to optimize therapeutic management.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jum.70114","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,15]],"date-time":"2025-11-15T12:42:16Z","timestamp":1763210536000},"page":"709-722","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The Role of Duplex Ultrasound in Diagnosis, Prediction, Treatment and Monitoring of Post\u2010Thrombotic Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6914-9693","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro","family":"Parra\u2010Caballero","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Thromboembolic Disease Unit, Internal Medicine Service Hospital Universitario de La Princesa  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00c1ngela S\u00e1nchez","family":"Juez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Thromboembolic Disease Unit, Internal Medicine Service Hospital Universitario de La Princesa  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Salvador","family":"Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Thromboembolic Disease Unit, Internal Medicine Service Hospital Universitario de La Princesa  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernando Ruiz","family":"Berraco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Thromboembolic Disease Unit, Internal Medicine Service Hospital Universitario de La Princesa  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nuria Ruiz\u2010Gim\u00e9nez","family":"Arrieta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Thromboembolic Disease Unit, Internal Medicine Service Hospital Universitario de La Princesa  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaime Bustos","family":"Carpio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Thromboembolic Disease Unit, Internal Medicine Service Hospital Universitario de La Princesa  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Rodr\u00edguez","family":"Revillas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Thromboembolic Disease Unit, Internal Medicine Service Hospital Universitario de La Princesa  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Jes\u00fas Delgado","family":"Heredia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Thromboembolic Disease Unit, Internal Medicine Service Hospital Universitario de La Princesa  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2011.04516.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000130"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11239-006-5574-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2005.01648.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0268-960X(02)00008-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00063198-200007000-00015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtha.2024.07.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","first-page":"423","article-title":"The clinical course of deep\u2010vein thrombosis. 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