{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T08:51:21Z","timestamp":1791881481772,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782691200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782691200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Ultrasound Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Fetal pancreatic development is central to intrauterine glucose\u2013insulin homeostasis and may influence lifelong metabolic risk. Advances in obstetric ultrasonography now allow in\u2010utero assessment of pancreatic size, morphology, and echotexture, offering a non\u2010invasive window into fetal metabolic adaptation across normal and high\u2010risk pregnancies. A narrative review was conducted using electronic databases to identify human studies reporting sonographic evaluation of the fetal pancreas, including measurements of circumference, diameter, area, segmental lengths, derived ratios, and echogenicity grading, in relation to maternal metabolic status, fetal growth, and perinatal outcomes. Given methodological heterogeneity, a qualitative, theme\u2010based synthesis was performed. Studies demonstrate that pancreatic biometry can be obtained reproducibly from mid\u2010gestation, with strong correlations to gestational age, abdominal circumference, and estimated fetal weight. In diabetic pregnancies, pancreas size and echogenicity increase with maternal glycemic burden and are associated with fetal overgrowth and adverse neonatal outcomes. Mid\u2010trimester pancreatic measurements and echogenicity show variable but promising performance for early gestational diabetes prediction. In contrast, most fetuses with established late\u2010onset fetal growth restriction exhibit reduced pancreatic size, whereas novel diameter\u2010based ratios may identify low\u2010birthweight risk earlier. Targeted imaging aids diagnosis of structural and genetic pancreatic anomalies. Standardized ultrasound assessment of the fetal pancreas has evolved into a feasible, clinically informative adjunct to conventional biometry, reflecting the fetal response to diabetic exposure, growth restriction, and syndromic disease. Harmonized protocols, multicenter validation, and long\u2010term metabolic follow\u2010up are needed before pancreas\u2010based parameters can be incorporated into routine prenatal risk stratification.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jum.70357","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T02:29:21Z","timestamp":1782786561000},"page":"2421-2430","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Ultrasound Assessment of the Fetal Pancreas in Normal and Abnormal Pregnancies: A Narrative Review"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8682-5537","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hakan","family":"Golbasi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Perinatologys Health Sciences University, Izmir City Hospital  Izmir Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.70004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12880-026-02441-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.70960"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcu.23667"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14767058.2023.2291994"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/jpm-2024-0260"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000539585"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/jpm-2022-0050"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14767058.2018.1551351"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-026-08339-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5114\/aoms\/140578"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jum.14233"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-025-08328-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-7292(88)90197-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcu.1870170704"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/jpm-2024-0121"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcu.24100"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-022-06860-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114548"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.27719"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.24181"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.5939"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23736\/S2724-606X.23.05341-1"}],"container-title":["Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jum.70357","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/jum.70357","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jum.70357","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T08:25:44Z","timestamp":1791879944000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jum.70357"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jum.70357"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jum.70357","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0278-4297","1550-9613"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0278-4297","type":"print"},{"value":"1550-9613","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-05-30","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-06-22","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-06-29","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}