{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T16:32:41Z","timestamp":1786552361484,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,2]],"date-time":"2019-08-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1564704000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Kaohsiung J of Med Scie"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Dexmedetomidine (DEX) can protect the lung from ischemia\u2010reperfusion (I\/R) injury, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. The aims of this study were to determine whether DEX attenuates lung injury following lower extremity I\/R and to investigate the related toll\u2010like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling pathway. Twenty\u2010eight SD rats were divided into four groups (n = 7): Sham, I\/R, I\/R\u2009+\u2009DEX (25\u2009\u03bcg\/kg prior to ischemia), and I\/R\u2009+\u2009DEX\u2009+\u2009Atip (250\u2009\u03bcg\/kg atipamezole before DEX treatment). Lower extremity I\/R was induced by left femoral artery clamping for 3 hours and followed by 2 hours reperfusion. Quantitative alveolar damage and the wet\/dry (W\/D) ratio were calculated. Interleukin (IL)\u20101, IL\u20106, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)\u2010\u03b1 in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and serum and myeloperoxidase (MPO) in the lung were measured. The TLR4 and MyD88 mRNA expression levels were measured by RT\u2010PCR, nuclear factor (NF)\u2010\u03baB, and phosphorylated NF\u2010\u03baB by western blot, respectively. Quantitative alveolar damage, W\/D ratio, MPO, BALF and serum IL\u20101, IL\u20106, and TNF\u2010\u03b1, and TLR4, MyD88, NF\u2010\u03baB, and p\u2010NF\u2010\u03baB expression significantly increased in the I\/R group relative to the Sham group. DEX preconditioning significantly reduced lung edema, and histological injury relative to the I\/R group. Serum and BALF IL\u20101, IL\u20106, and TNF\u2010\u03b1 levels, MPO activity and TLR4, MyD88, NF\u2010\u03baB, and p\u2010NF\u2010\u03baB expression were also significantly reduced in the I\/R\u2009+\u2009DEX group compared with the I\/R group. Atipamezole partially reversed all the aforementioned effects. DEX preconditioning protects the lungs against lower extremity I\/R injury via \u03b12\u2010adrenoceptor\u2010dependent and \u03b12\u2010adrenoceptor\u2010independent mechanisms. It also suppresses the TLR4 pathway and reduces inflammation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/kjm2.12115","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,2]],"date-time":"2019-08-02T14:49:07Z","timestamp":1564757347000},"page":"672-678","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Dexmedetomidine protects against lung injury induced by limb ischemia\u2010reperfusion via the TLR4\/MyD88\/NF\u2010\u03baB pathway"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Bin\u2010Bin","family":"Xue","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University  Wenzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bai\u2010Hui","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University  Wenzhou 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