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Although HCV eradication may reduce the risk of vascular events as a whole, whether deteriorated lipid profiles increases the risk of cardio\u2010cerebral disease in certain patients is elusive. Serial lipid profiles were measured before, during, at and 3 months after the end of direct\u2010acting antivirals (DAAs) therapy, and annually thereafter in chronic hepatitis C patients who achieved a sustained virological response (SVR, undetectable HCV RNA at posttreatment week 12). The primary end\u2010point was the occurrence of the events. A total of 617 patients were included, with a mean follow\u2010up period of 26.8 months (range: 1\u201065\u2009months). The total cholesterol and low\u2010density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL\u2010C) levels increased significantly from treatment week 4 to 2\u2009years after treatment. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the factors independently associated with a significant cholesterol increase included age (odds ratio [OR]\/95% confidence intervals [CIs]:1.02\/1.006\u20101.039, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .007) and smoking (OR\/CI:3.21\/1.14\u20109.02, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .027). Five patients developed cardio\u2010cerebral diseases during 1376 person\u2010years follow\u2010up period. Compared to patients without vascular events, a significantly higher proportion of those with vascular events experienced an LDL\u2010C surge &gt;40% (80% vs 19.9%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .001). Cox\u2010regression analysis revealed that an LDL\u2010C surge &gt;40% was the only factor predictive of vascular events (HR\/CI: 15.44\/1.73\u2010138.20, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .014). Dyslipidemia occurred after HCV eradication, and it was associated with the risk of cardio\u2010cerebrovascular diseases. Attention should also be paid to the extrahepatic consequence beyond liver\u2010related complications in the post\u2010SVR era.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/kjm2.12275","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,9]],"date-time":"2020-07-09T10:21:01Z","timestamp":1594290061000},"page":"920-928","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Cure or curd: Modification of lipid profiles and cardio\u2010cerebrovascular events after hepatitis C virus eradication"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Chung\u2010Feng","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital  Kaohsiung Taiwan"},{"name":"Faculty of Internal Medicine School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University  Kaohsiung Taiwan"},{"name":"Center for Liquid Biopsy and Cancer Research Kaohsiung Medical 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