{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T22:06:46Z","timestamp":1778710006232,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,21]],"date-time":"2024-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1713657600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Knee surg. sports traumatol. arthrosc."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>To determine the superior spacer design, a growing number of studies are comparing treatment results between patients having been treated with articulating and static knee spacers in the setting of two\u2010stage revision for periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). In contrast, the primary objective of this study was to compare preoperative characteristics between patients from both spacer groups and examine whether significant differences were present prior to spacer implantation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This retrospective, single\u2010centre, cohort study examined the preoperative situation of 80 consecutive knee PJIs between 2017 and 2020. All patients underwent two\u2010stage revision, with 35 (44%) receiving an articulating and 45 (56%) a static spacer.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>No significant differences were observed in terms of patient gender (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.083), age (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.666), comorbidity (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.1) and preoperative clinical function (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.246). Static spacers were significantly more often used in the presence of a periarticular fistula (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.033), infection of a revision implant (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), higher degree of bone loss (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and infection caused by a difficult\u2010to\u2010treat pathogen (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.038). Complication and revision rates were similar for both spacer types during the interim period, while patients with articulating spacers demonstrated a superior clinical function (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) during the interim period and after reimplantation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Static spacers are being utilised in significantly more complex and unfavourable preoperative scenarios. Therefore, a preoperative selection bias may be at least partially accountable for any disparities observed in postoperative outcomes. To achieve the best possible results, surgeons should know and respect the distinct indications of static and articulating spacers and consequently understand and use them as complementary surgical options.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>Level III.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ksa.12187","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,21]],"date-time":"2024-04-21T08:00:21Z","timestamp":1713686421000},"page":"1766-1774","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Static spacers play a crucial role in the treatment of complex periprosthetic joint infections of the knee"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5364-1552","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andre","family":"Lunz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics Heidelberg University Hospital Heidelberg Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2259-5482","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Georg W.","family":"Omlor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics Heidelberg University Hospital Heidelberg Germany"},{"name":"Center for Orthopedics and Joint Replacement Marienhaus Hospital St. Wendel\u2010Ottweiler St. Wendel Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Moritz N.","family":"Voss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics Heidelberg University Hospital Heidelberg Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9420-9897","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreas","family":"Geisb\u00fcsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics Heidelberg University Hospital Heidelberg Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tobias","family":"Renkawitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics Heidelberg University Hospital Heidelberg Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6776-4801","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Burkhard","family":"Lehner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics Heidelberg University Hospital Heidelberg Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CORR.0000000000001206"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2018.09.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17434440.2018.1435270"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","volume-title":"The national joint registry 19th annual report 2022 [Internet]","author":"Ben\u2010Shlomo Y.","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12178-018-9495-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/17453674.2011.581266"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2012.02.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CORR.0000000000001243"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","first-page":"227","article-title":"The management of bone defects in revision total knee arthroplasty","volume":"46","author":"Engh G.A.","year":"1997","journal-title":"Instructional Course Lectures"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/atm.2019.12.126"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.97B10.36475"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-010-1579-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","unstructured":"Grimberg A. 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