{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T10:54:24Z","timestamp":1781520864804,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776124800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776124800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["esskajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Knee surg. sports traumatol. arthrosc."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Examine the association between preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative variables, including on\u2010field rehabilitation (OFR) participation and return to play (RTP) rates and re\u2010injury risk in a large cohort of 11\u2010a\u2010side football (soccer) players after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data from 401 male football players who underwent primary ACLR were retrospectively analysed. All players completed a standardised rehabilitation protocol, involving a period of OFR. Participants were stratified by competitive level (professionals and amateurs), and between\u2010group differences in RTP and re\u2010injury outcomes were documented. The association between preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative variables for each outcome was assessed using logistic regressions, controlling for competitive level.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Median follow\u2010up time was 40.6 months post\u2010ACLR. Eighty\u2010four percent of players RTP at their pre\u2010injury competitive level, with professionals (88%) and amateurs (83%) returning in 5.9\u2009\u00b1\u20092.1 and 6.9\u2009\u00b1\u20093.2 months, respectively. Greater OFR volume (odds ratio [OR], 1.06; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.00\u20131.12;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.034) and weekly frequency (OR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.00\u20131.07;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.014) were associated with increased RTP likelihood. High OFR compliance was associated with higher odds of RTP (OR\u2009=\u20092.62,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.003), in which 91% of compliant players RTP at their pre\u2010injury competitive level. Forty\u2010two players (10%) sustained a second ACL injury (20 ipsilateral and 22 contralateral). OFR variables were not significantly associated with overall second ACL re\u2010injury risk. In an exploratory subgroup analysis of young (&lt;20 years old) players, OFR compliance was associated with lower odds of ipsilateral re\u2010injury (OR\u2009=\u20090.23,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.041).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ACLR football players in our cohort had high RTP (88%) and low ACL re\u2010injury risk (10%). Greater exposure to OFR, particularly higher volume and weekly frequency, was associated with an increased likelihood of RTP. No association was observed between OFR compliance and overall second ACL injury risk, although in young players, greater OFR compliance was associated with a reduction in ipsilateral ACL re\u2010injury.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Level IV.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ksa.70392","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T12:50:17Z","timestamp":1776171017000},"page":"2255-2267","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The impact of on\u2010field rehabilitation on return to play and ACL re\u2010injury risk after ACL\u00a0reconstruction in football (soccer) players: A study on 401 consecutive cases"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9379-6666","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Della Villa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Isokinetic Medical Group, Education and Research Department FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Filippo","family":"Picinini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Isokinetic Medical Group, Education and Research Department FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence Bologna Italy"},{"name":"Isokinetic Medical Group FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence London UK"},{"name":"Faculty of Sport, Technology and Health Sciences St Mary's University, Twickenham London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1761-7352","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefano","family":"Di Paolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Isokinetic Medical Group, Education and Research Department FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Scavone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Isokinetic Medical Group, Education and Research Department FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence Bologna Italy"},{"name":"Isokinetic Medical Group FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniele","family":"Caminati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Isokinetic Medical Group, Education and Research Department FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacopo","family":"Gamberini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Isokinetic Medical Group, Education and Research Department FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4925-4031","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew","family":"Buckthorpe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Isokinetic Medical Group, Education and Research Department FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence Bologna Italy"},{"name":"Isokinetic Medical Group FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence London UK"},{"name":"Faculty of Sport, Technology and Health Sciences St Mary's University, Twickenham London 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