{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T04:45:50Z","timestamp":1781757950149,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,1]],"date-time":"2009-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1246406400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Asan Institute for Life Science grant","award":["2008-345"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2008-345"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives\/Hypothesis:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Upregulation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has been suggested to have an important role in the pathogenesis of nasal polyps (NPs). The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of rhinovirus (RV) infection on the expression of MMPs, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)\u20101, and VEGF in NP fibroblasts.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p>NP fibroblasts (5 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>5<\/jats:sup> cells\/mL) obtained from patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) were infected with RV serotype 16 (RV\u201016) for 4 hours. The RV\u201016 infection was confirmed by seminested reverse transcriptase\u2010polymerase chain reaction (RT\u2010PCR) and in situ hybridization. After 48 hours, MMP\u20102, MMP\u20109, TIMP\u20101, and VEGF protein levels were measured from culture supernatants by enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay. The changes in the expression of MMP\u20102, MMP\u20109, TIMP\u20101, and VEGF mRNA were assayed by RT\u2010PCR.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>RV\u201016 infection significantly enhanced the gene and protein expressions of MMP\u20102, MMP\u20109, and VEGF in NP fibroblasts, whereas TIMP\u20101 expression was not significantly affected by RV\u201016. MMP\u20102, MMP\u20109, and VEGF protein expression increased by 2.39\u2010, 2.99\u2010, and 3.02\u2010fold, respectively, in RV\u2010infected NP fibroblasts compared to noninfected controls. RV\u201016 infection also significantly upregulated the expression of MMP\u20102, MMP\u20109, and VEGF mRNA by 1.27\u2010, 1.70\u2010, and 1.53\u2010fold, respectively, compared to control levels.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title><jats:p>These in vitro findings suggest that RV infection may contribute to the pathogenesis of NP formation in patients with CRSwNP. Laryngoscope, 2009<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.20574","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,1]],"date-time":"2009-07-01T16:02:43Z","timestamp":1246464163000},"page":"1834-1838","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Rhinovirus upregulates matrix metalloproteinase\u20102, matrix metalloproteinase\u20109, and vascular endothelial growth factor expression in nasal polyp fibroblasts"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"119","author":[{"given":"Jong Hwan","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyun Ja","family":"Kwon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong Ju","family":"Jang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2004.09.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1398-9995.2003.00364.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2008.04.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-002-0467-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/194589240501900102"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/105065898782102954"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2005.11.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.20315"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.134.4.424"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2222.2004.02127.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2008.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.76.12.6004-6015.2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9071(199905)58:1<100::AID-JMV16>3.0.CO;2-D"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2004.12.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-6749(98)70127-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1081-1206(10)62101-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/ajr.2006.20.2899"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-4838(99)00279-4"}],"container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Flary.20574","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Flary.20574","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/lary.20574","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,9]],"date-time":"2023-10-09T14:23:11Z","timestamp":1696861391000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/lary.20574"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,7]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/lary.20574"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lary.20574","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0023-852X","1531-4995"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0023-852X","type":"print"},{"value":"1531-4995","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,7]]}}}