{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T09:06:52Z","timestamp":1784192812290,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,25]],"date-time":"2011-04-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1303689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives\/Hypothesis:<\/jats:title><jats:p>To determine whether the characteristics of acute mastoiditis in children have changed in the post\u2013heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) era.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Case series.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Clinical data for all patients admitted for acute mastoiditis at an urban tertiary children's hospital from July 1, 1996, to June 30, 2009, were reviewed. Patients with a known immune deficiency or cholesteatoma were excluded. Patients were divided into pre\u2010PCV7 (July 1996 to December 2002; n = 38) and post\u2010PCV7 (January 2003 to June 2009; n = 58) groups. Statistical analyses were used to compare the two groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ninety\u2010six children met the inclusion criteria. There was a 53% increase in admission for acute mastoiditis in the post\u2010PCV7 era. The pre\u2010 and post\u2010PCV7 groups had similar demographic features, presenting history, signs and symptoms, laboratory study results, and medical management. Computed tomography scan abnormalities seen in the two groups were similar except for subperiosteal abscess, which was seen more frequently in the post\u2010PCV7 group. <jats:italic>Streptococcus pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> was the most common pathogen isolated in both groups. The patients in the post\u2010PCV7 group had shorter hospital stays, despite undergoing more extensive surgery to address their disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title><jats:p>The number of acute mastoiditis admissions did not decrease with the widespread use of PCV7. Computed tomography findings and surgical procedures required to address acute mastoiditis indicate that the post\u2010PCV7 group had more advanced disease. <jats:italic>S pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> remains the main pathogen in acute mastoiditis, and its nonsusceptibility to penicillin and ceftriaxone may be increasing.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.21727","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,25]],"date-time":"2011-04-25T16:57:08Z","timestamp":1303750628000},"page":"1072-1080","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Pediatric acute mastoiditis in the post\u2013pneumococcal conjugate vaccine era"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"121","author":[{"given":"Sukgi S.","family":"Choi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lina","family":"Lander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.1983.93.5.568"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000992280404300307"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.128.6.660"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archoto.2009.75"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.106.4.695"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Prevention of pneumococcal disease among infants and young children: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices","volume":"49","author":"CDC","year":"2000","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.inf.0000129685.04847.94"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa022823"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.moo.0000145958.12395.ec"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.05.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.inf.0000069760.65826.f2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/591966"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_2","first-page":"658","article-title":"National, state, and urban area vaccination coverage acute mastoiditis among children aged 19\u201035 months \u2013 United States, 2003","volume":"53","author":"CDC","year":"2004","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/379665"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.inf.0000253059.84602.c3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200102083440602"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2006-2138"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2006.01.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PEC.0b013e31815a0001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2007-2703"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_2","unstructured":"U.S. Census Bureau. 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