{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T03:29:11Z","timestamp":1785554951755,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,16]],"date-time":"2013-02-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1360972800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives\/Hypothesis<\/jats:title><jats:p>High\u2010resolution manometry (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HRM<\/jats:styled-content>) represents a critical advance in the quantification of swallow\u2010related pressure events in the pharynx. Previous analyses of the pressures measured by<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HRM<\/jats:styled-content>, though, have been largely two\u2010dimensional, focusing on a single sensor in a given region. We present a three\u2010dimensional approach that combines information from adjacent sensors in a region. Two\u2010 and three\u2010dimensional methods were compared for their ability to classify data correctly as normal or disordered.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Case series evaluating new method of data analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 1,324 swallows from 16 normal subjects and 61 subjects with dysphagia were included. Two\u2010dimensional single sensor integrals of the area under the curves created by rises in pressure in the velopharynx, tongue base, and upper esophageal sphincter (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UES<\/jats:styled-content>) were calculated. Three\u2010dimensional multi\u2010sensor integrals of the volume under all curves corresponding to the same regions were also computed. The two sets of measurements were compared for their ability to classify data correctly as normal or disordered using an artificial neural network (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ANN<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Three\u2010dimensional parameters yielded a maximal classification accuracy of 86.71%\u00b11.47%, while two\u2010dimensional parameters achieved a maximum accuracy of 83.36%\u00b11.42%. Combining two\u2010 and three\u2010dimensional parameters with all other variables, including three\u2010dimensional parameters, yielded a classification accuracy of 96.99%\u00b10.51%. Including two\u2010dimensional parameters yielded a classification accuracy of 96.32%\u00b11.05%.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Three\u2010dimensional analysis led to improved classification of swallows based on pharyngeal<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HRM<\/jats:styled-content>. Artificial neural network performance with both two\u2010dimensional and three\u2010dimensional analyses was effective, classifying a large percentage of swallows correctly, thus demonstrating its potential clinical utility.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>4.<jats:italic>Laryngoscope<\/jats:italic>, 2013<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.23987","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,18]],"date-time":"2013-02-18T15:21:43Z","timestamp":1361200903000},"page":"1746-1753","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Three\u2010Dimensional Analysis of Pharyngeal High\u2010Resolution Manometry Data"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"123","author":[{"given":"Zhixian","family":"Geng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Division of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health Madison Wisconsin U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew R.","family":"Hoffman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Division of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health Madison Wisconsin U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Corinne A.","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Division of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health Madison Wisconsin U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy M.","family":"McCulloch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Division of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health Madison Wisconsin U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jack 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