{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T02:34:55Z","timestamp":1791513295886,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,7]],"date-time":"2013-02-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1360195200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives\/Hypothesis<\/jats:title><jats:p>The purpose of this study was to examine factors associated with prophylactic placement of feeding tubes in head and neck cancer patients receiving radiation therapy as a part of treatment using multilevel models that account for patient\u2010, physician\u2010, and institution\u2010level sources of variation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>A retrospective analysis using binary logistic regression and hierarchical linear models was run to evaluate independent predictors of prophylactic feeding tube placement.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results\u2013Medicare data were used. Head and neck cancer patients diagnosed with locoregionally advanced stage disease from 2000 to 2005 were included in this study (N\u2009=\u20098,306).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Across all models, prophylactic gastrostomy tube placement was found to be more likely in patients who had cancer of the larynx or oropharynx compared with those with cancer of the nasopharynx or oral cavity; who had regional instead of local cancer; who did not receive surgery as a part of treatment, but did receive chemotherapy; and who were divorced, separated, or widowed. Additionally, although practice variation was observed to occur, its overall contribution in predicting prophylactic gastrostomy tube placement was minimal.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>As health care enters an era of patient\u2010centered care, further investigation of the potential role of social support (or lack of social support) in influencing treatment decisions of head and neck cancer patients and providers is warranted.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>2b Laryngoscope, 123:1918\u20131925, 2013<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.24022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,7]],"date-time":"2013-02-07T19:31:58Z","timestamp":1360265518000},"page":"1918-1925","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Patterns of prophylactic gastrostomy tube placement in head and neck cancer patients: A consideration of the significance of social support and practice variation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"123","author":[{"given":"Julie L.","family":"Locher","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Division of Gerontology Geriatrics, and Palliative Care University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham Alabama U.S.A"},{"name":"Department of Health Care Organization and Policy University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham Alabama U.S.A"},{"name":"Center for Aging University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham Alabama U.S.A"},{"name":"Lister Hill Center for Health Policy University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham Alabama U.S.A"},{"name":"Comprehensive Cancer Center University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham Alabama U.S.A"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James A.","family":"Bonner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Comprehensive Cancer Center University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham Alabama U.S.A"},{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham Alabama U.S.A"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William R.","family":"Carroll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Comprehensive Cancer Center University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham Alabama U.S.A"},{"name":"Department of Surgery Division of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham Alabama U.S.A"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jimmy J.","family":"Caudell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Comprehensive Cancer Center University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham Alabama U.S.A"},{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham Alabama U.S.A"},{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology H. Lee Moffit Cancer Center Tampa Florida U.S.A"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeroan J.","family":"Allison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Quantitative Health Sciences University of Massachusetts Medical School Worcester Massachusetts U.S.A"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meredith L.","family":"Kilgore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Care Organization and Policy University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham Alabama U.S.A"},{"name":"Center for Aging University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham Alabama U.S.A"},{"name":"Lister Hill Center for Health Policy University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham Alabama U.S.A"},{"name":"Comprehensive Cancer Center University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham Alabama U.S.A"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine S.","family":"Ritchie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine University of California, San Francisco San Francisco California U.S.A"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriel S.","family":"Tajeu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Care Organization and Policy University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham Alabama U.S.A"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ya","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham Alabama U.S.A"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David L.","family":"Roth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center on Aging and Health Johns Hopkins University Baltimore Maryland U.S.A"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.20335"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607110377097"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.21753"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.124.8.871"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mlg.0000150679.60731.bc"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/hn.1999.v120.a91408"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.20697"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-009-0596-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pon.1656"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","first-page":"168","article-title":"The contribution of social factors to undereating in older adults with cancer","volume":"7","author":"Locher JL","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Support Oncol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2006.06.2901"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2008.06.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-277X.2005.00632.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","first-page":"VAR73","article-title":"Wrestling with variation: an interview with Jack Wennberg","author":"Wennberg J","year":"2004","journal-title":"Health Aff (Millwood)"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","unstructured":"National Cancer Institute (Health Services and Economics Branch). SEER\u2010Medicare Linked Database. Available at:http:\/\/healthservices.cancer.gov\/seermedicare\/. Accessed February 22 2010."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","volume-title":"CPT 2009: Professional Edition","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","volume-title":"HCPCS 2009: Medicare's National Level II Codes","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. International Classification of Diseases Ninth Revision Clinical Modification (ICD\u20109\u2010CM). Available at:http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nchs\/icd.htm. Accessed April 7 2010."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","unstructured":"SchattnerMA.NCCN Task Force Report: Prevention and Management of Mucositis in Cancer Care. Available at:http:\/\/cme.medscape.com\/viewarticle\/573038. Accessed July 30 2010."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","article-title":"Increased likelihood of long\u2010term gastrostomy tube dependence in head and neck cancer survivors without partners","author":"Magnuson JS","journal-title":"Head Neck."}],"container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Flary.24022","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/lary.24022","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,3]],"date-time":"2023-10-03T23:27:56Z","timestamp":1696375676000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/lary.24022"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,7]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/lary.24022"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lary.24022","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0023-852X","1531-4995"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0023-852X","type":"print"},{"value":"1531-4995","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,7]]}}}