{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T23:58:50Z","timestamp":1790380730641,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,5]],"date-time":"2013-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1375660800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives\/Hypothesis<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate and describe the cartilaginous and muscular development of the rat larynx.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Histologic evaluation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The larynges of Sprague Dawley rats of embryonic day (E) 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, postnatal day 0, 14, and adult of 250 gm were collected. Four larynges of each age were harvested, cut into 15\u2010\u03bcm serial sections, stained with hematoxylin and eosin, and evaluated under light microscopy. Representative digital images were recorded and evaluated at the preglottic (supraglottic in humans), glottic, and postglottic (subglottic in humans) levels.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Brachial arches were observed at E13. At E17, immature structures of the larynx, including skeletal muscle, cartilage, and the lumen were identifiable. Chondrification and muscle formation were clearly seen by E19. The muscular and cartilagenous components of the larynx were well established by E21. During the span between birth and adult maturation, the size of the larynx increased from a height of 1.10 mm to 2.90 mm, and from a width of 1.80 mm to 5.40 mm, and from a length of 1.38 mm to 4.77 mm in the stained section. Although developed at E21, the laryngeal structures continued to grow by approximately 30%.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Rat laryngeal development parallels that in mice and humans. In the rat, at E17 immature structures of the larynx are identifiable, they are well developed at birth and grow by approximately 30% into adulthood. Understanding the chronology and morphology of the embryogenesis of the rat laryngeal musculature is essential and will allow for further evaluation of the embryologic innervation of these muscles.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>N\/A. <jats:italic>Laryngoscope<\/jats:italic>, 123:3093\u20133098, 2013<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.24145","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,8]],"date-time":"2013-08-08T17:38:57Z","timestamp":1375983537000},"page":"3093-3098","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Development of the rat larynx: A histological study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"123","author":[{"given":"Opeyemi","family":"Alli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy New York Medical College Valhalla New York U.S.A"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Craig","family":"Berzofsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Voice and Swallowing Institute, The New York Eye &amp; Ear Infirmary, New York  New York U.S.A"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sansar","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy New York Medical College Valhalla New York U.S.A"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael J.","family":"Pitman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Voice and Swallowing Institute, The New York Eye &amp; Ear Infirmary, New York  New York U.S.A"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348949110001003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348941312200412"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.21290"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mlg.0000161362.43320.b2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348940711600110"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348940010900405"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.21739"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2254"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.21026"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.20071"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","first-page":"59","volume-title":"Anatomy and Embryology of the Laboratory Rat","author":"Hebel R","year":"1986"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00034894931020S301"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","first-page":"303","article-title":"BeitragezurEntwicklungsgeschichte des Kehlkopfes (contributions to the development history of the larynx)","volume":"9","author":"Kallius E","year":"1897","journal-title":"AnatHefte Wiesbaden"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","first-page":"156","article-title":"The development of the larynx","volume":"44","author":"Frazer JE","year":"1910","journal-title":"J AnatPhysiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348940611500310"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348940711601011"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","first-page":"2","volume-title":"The Rat Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates","author":"Paxinos G.","year":"1982"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.274.5290.1123"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1072165"}],"container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Flary.24145","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/lary.24145","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/lary.24145","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/lary.24145","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,19]],"date-time":"2023-08-19T18:58:56Z","timestamp":1692471536000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/lary.24145"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,5]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/lary.24145"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lary.24145","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0023-852X","1531-4995"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0023-852X","type":"print"},{"value":"1531-4995","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,5]]}}}