{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,7]],"date-time":"2024-06-07T09:16:35Z","timestamp":1717751795945},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,19]],"date-time":"2013-09-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1379548800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives\/Hypothesis<\/jats:title><jats:p>To measure movements of the velopharynx in detail, a novel method of producing range images of the velopharynx was developed using a 3\u2010D endoscope. The purpose of this paper is to introduce this system and to clarify its accuracy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>The standard errors of repeated measurements, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), ICC(1,1) for intrarater reliability, and ICC(2,1) for interrater reliability were measured using a phantom of the nasopharynx.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>An endoscopic measuring system was developed in which a pattern projection system was incorporated into a commercially available 3\u2010D endoscope. Right and left images of the endoscope were integrated into one video file and digitized at a horizontal and vertical resolution of 640 \u00d7 480 pixels, as odd and even scanning lines, respectively. After separation of the video file into right and left images by interlace interpolation, correcting the distortion of the camera images, rectifying, and stereo\u2010matching range images of the velopharynx were produced. The distances between two points, which were marked at an interval of 5 mm on the uvula and the pharynx of the phantom, were measured.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The standard errors of repeated measurements were 0.02 horizontally and 0.01 vertically. The ICC(1,1) and ICC(2,1) were 0.83 and 0.94, and both correlation coefficients were considered to be \u201calmost perfect.\u201d<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The present endoscopic measuring system provided relatively accurate and reliable range images of the velopharynx, and enabled quantitative analysis of movements of the velopharynx.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>N\/A. <jats:italic>Laryngoscope<\/jats:italic>, 123:E122\u2013E126, 2013<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.24253","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,18]],"date-time":"2013-06-18T08:35:35Z","timestamp":1371544535000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Range image of the velopharynx produced using a 3\u2010D endoscope with pattern projection"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"123","author":[{"given":"Katsuaki","family":"Mishima","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Graduate School of Medicine Yamaguchi University Ube Yamaguchi Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Asuka","family":"Nakano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Graduate School of Medicine Yamaguchi University Ube Yamaguchi Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ruriko","family":"Shiraishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Graduate School of Medicine Yamaguchi University Ube Yamaguchi Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshiya","family":"Ueyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Graduate School of Medicine Yamaguchi University Ube Yamaguchi Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/06-205.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2005.05.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/1545-1569(1993)030<0040:SOSLPT>2.3.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e31817d54d5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0b013e3181b5cf46"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","unstructured":"DevernayF MourguesF Coste\u2010ManiereE.Toward endoscopic augmented reality for robotically assisted minimally invasive cardiac surgery. 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