{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:49:43Z","timestamp":1786978183229,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,19]],"date-time":"2013-11-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1384819200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives\/Hypothesis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Interleukin (IL)\u221233 is a novel member of the IL\u20101 cytokine family and a ligand for the orphan IL\u20101 family receptor ST2. IL\u201033 induces T helper 2\u2010type inflammatory responses and is considered to play a crucial role in allergic inflammatory reactions such as asthma and atopic dermatitis. However, the role of IL\u201033 and its receptor ST2 in chronic rhinosinusitis remains unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In vitro study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The expression patterns of IL\u201033 and ST2 at both mRNA and protein levels in nasal polyps from eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis (ECRS) patients (n\u2009=\u200910) and non\u2010ECRS patients (n\u2009=\u200913), as well as in seemingly normal mucosa of the uncinate processes in patients without sinusitis (control; n\u2009=\u20095), were compared using immunohistochemical staining, enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay, and real\u2010time polymerase chain reactions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ST2\u2010positive cells in the inflammatory cells in the subepithelial layer were significantly higher in the ECRS group than other groups. The expression of ST2 mRNA in polyps of the ECRS group was significantly increased compared with controls. Many ST2\u2010positive eosinophils were observed in the mucosa of ECRS but not in the mucosa of non\u2010ECRS patients. The expression level of IL\u201033 mRNA was not significantly different among the three groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The current study suggests that IL\u201033 and its receptor ST2 may play important roles in the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis, especially in ECRS, through the increased expression of ST2 in eosinophils.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      N\/A.\n                      <jats:italic>Laryngoscope<\/jats:italic>\n                      , 124:E115\u2013E122, 2014\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.24462","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,11]],"date-time":"2013-10-11T22:29:27Z","timestamp":1381530567000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":65,"title":["Expression of IL\u201033 and its receptor ST2 in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"124","author":[{"given":"Shintaro","family":"Baba","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine The University of Tokyo Bunkyo\u2010ku"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenji","family":"Kondo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine The University of Tokyo Bunkyo\u2010ku"},{"name":"Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Medicine Teikyo University School of Medicine Itabashi\u2010ku"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaori","family":"Kanaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keigo","family":"Suzukawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine The University of Tokyo Bunkyo\u2010ku"},{"name":"Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Medicine Teikyo University School of Medicine Itabashi\u2010ku"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Munetaka","family":"Ushio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine The University of Tokyo Bunkyo\u2010ku"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shinji","family":"Urata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine The University of Tokyo Bunkyo\u2010ku"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takahiro","family":"Asakage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine The University of Tokyo Bunkyo\u2010ku"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akinobu","family":"Kakigi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine The University of Tokyo Bunkyo\u2010ku"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maho","family":"Suzukawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Medicine Teikyo University School of Medicine Itabashi\u2010ku"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ken","family":"Ohta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Medicine Teikyo University School of Medicine Itabashi\u2010ku"},{"name":"National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital Kiyose\u2010city Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tatsuya","family":"Yamasoba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine The University of Tokyo Bunkyo\u2010ku"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","first-page":"97","article-title":"EP3OS 2007: European position paper on rhinosinusitis and nasal polyps 2007. 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