{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T00:13:05Z","timestamp":1790208785409,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,4]],"date-time":"2014-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1391472000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives\/Hypothesis<\/jats:title><jats:p>To validate a follow\u2010up protocol based on the long\u2010term outcomes and recurrence rates in patients who have undergone surgical treatment for olfactory neuroblastoma.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A prospective review of all patients treated for olfactory neuroblastoma at our institution over a 35\u2010year period.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ninety\u2010five patients were treated from 1978 to 2013, with craniofacial (65 patients) or endoscopic resection (30 patients). Duration of follow\u2010up ranged from 1 to 309 months (mean, 88.66 months). Fifty\u2010six patients were alive and well, and 13 were alive with recurrent disease. Twenty\u2010one patients had died of disease, and three had died of intercurrent disease. Overall survival was 83.4% at 5 years and 76.1% at 10 years. Disease\u2010free survival at 5 years was 80% and at 10 years was 62.8%. A Cox regression analysis showed orbital extension and intracranial involvement to be significant independent factors affecting outcome. Local and regional recurrence occurred after an average of 49 months but with a range of 3 to 233 months.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In our series, olfactory neuroblastoma most commonly recurred within the first 4 years but can recur very late, after 19.4 years in one case. There is currently no universally accepted follow\u2010up regime, but even late recurrence is eminently treatable. We therefore propose a protocol for lifelong follow\u2010up with both clinical examination and serial imaging, including the neck and entire intracranial compartment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>4 <jats:italic>Laryngoscope<\/jats:italic>, 124:1542\u20131549, 2014<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.24562","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,17]],"date-time":"2013-12-17T15:44:36Z","timestamp":1387295076000},"page":"1542-1549","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":109,"title":["Olfactory neuroblastoma: A 35\u2010year experience and suggested follow\u2010up protocol"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"124","author":[{"given":"Joanne","family":"Rimmer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Royal National Throat Nose &amp; Ear Hospital, London United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valerie 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