{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T08:41:24Z","timestamp":1784018484956,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,11]],"date-time":"2014-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1407715200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives\/Hypothesis<\/jats:title><jats:p>Test the hypothesis that the eustachian tube (ET) function measured using standard manometric test methods is different between groups of ears with tympanostomy tubes inserted for recurrent acute otitis media (RAOM) and for chronic otitis media with effusion (COME).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>A cross\u2010sectional study of ET function in populations of young children with different otitis media expressions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results for forced\u2010response testing of ET function were compared using a general linear model between 37 ears of 26 children and 34 ears of 26 children, aged 3 and 4 years, with ventilation tubes inserted for COME and RAOM, respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There were no significant between\u2010group differences in either the active measure of ET opening function, dilatory efficiency, or in the passive measures reflecting the magnitude of the forces that tend to hold the ET lumen closed, the opening and closing pressures, and passive trans\u2010ET conductance.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results do not support the hypothesis that ET closing forces are less in ears with RAOM when compared to ears with COME, and from the results of earlier studies, ears without disease. Both groups were characterized by a low ET opening efficiency (referenced to ears of adults with no disease history). Because both disease expressions present the same pattern of ET dysfunction, other factors are required to explain why a subset of ears with that type of dysfunction develop RAOM, as opposed to the default expression of COME.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>2b <jats:italic>Laryngoscope<\/jats:italic>, 124:2619\u20132623, 2014<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.24647","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,18]],"date-time":"2014-02-18T13:07:34Z","timestamp":1392728854000},"page":"2619-2623","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["The forced\u2010response test does not discriminate ears with different otitis media expressions"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"124","author":[{"given":"Margaretha L.","family":"Casselbrant","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh Pennsylvania U.S.A"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ellen M.","family":"Mandel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh Pennsylvania U.S.A"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James T.","family":"Seroky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh Pennsylvania U.S.A"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. Douglas","family":"Swarts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh Pennsylvania U.S.A"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William J.","family":"Doyle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh Pennsylvania U.S.A"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","volume-title":"Otitis Media in Infants and Children","author":"Bluestone CD","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2007.12.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348949510400806"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0264-410X(00)00271-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)15495-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","volume-title":"Eustachian Tube Structure, Function, Role in Otitis Media","author":"Bluestone CD","year":"2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-199604000-00002"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Normal and abnormal middle ear ventilation","volume":"86","author":"Cantekin EI","year":"1977","journal-title":"Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol Suppl"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","first-page":"S45","article-title":"Animal models of otitis media: other pathogens","volume":"8","author":"Doyle WJ","year":"1989","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348947908800504"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-5876(03)00127-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2011.12.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.24021"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2013.3559"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016489.2011.603137"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348941112000401"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004310100754"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e3181b6d81a"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.5540890910"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0b013e31827853f4"}],"container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Flary.24647","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/lary.24647","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/lary.24647","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/lary.24647","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,21]],"date-time":"2023-08-21T00:21:17Z","timestamp":1692577277000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/lary.24647"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,11]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/lary.24647"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lary.24647","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0023-852X","1531-4995"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0023-852X","type":"print"},{"value":"1531-4995","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,11]]}}}