{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:48:55Z","timestamp":1786978135790,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,12]],"date-time":"2014-09-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1410480000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective\/Hypothesis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Certain lesions appear to occur predominantly in one gender or in younger or older patients. We examined a large sample from a treatment\u2010seeking population to describe gender and age associations of an array of benign vocal fold lesions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective review.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The medical records and evaluations of all adult patients presenting for care over a 5\u2010year period were examined for demographic characteristics and lesion type. A total of 641 lesions in 602 patients were grouped into 13 broad categories, and prevalence was compared between male and female patients and three age groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Pseudocysts and bilateral midfold lesions occurred principally in young (18\u201339 years old) females (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.0001). Reinke's edema was found in older (&gt;39 years old) women (\n                      <jats:italic>P\u2009&lt;<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u20090.012). Polyps, contact lesions, leukoplakia (all\n                      <jats:italic>P\u2009&lt;<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u20090.0001), and sulcus (\n                      <jats:italic>P\u2009&lt;<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u20090.0002) were found predominantly in men.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Certain benign mucosal lesions are strongly associated with age and especially with gender. These differences may be explained by intrinsic differences in laryngeal anatomy and phonatory physiology in these groups, including differences in phonatory frequency and air pressure, and in the ability of the membranous vocal fold to withstand phonotrauma. Such inherent differences have implications for treatment expectations and approaches.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      4.\n                      <jats:italic>Laryngoscope<\/jats:italic>\n                      , 125:191\u2013196, 2015\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.24911","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,12]],"date-time":"2014-09-12T09:41:25Z","timestamp":1410514885000},"page":"191-196","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":111,"title":["Gender and age in benign vocal fold lesions"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"125","author":[{"given":"Alisa","family":"Zhukhovitskaya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery North Shore \u2010 Long Island Jewish Health System Bronx"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danielle","family":"Battaglia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Florida Atlantic University Boca Raton Florida"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sid M.","family":"Khosla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University of Cincinnati College of Medicine Cincinnati Ohio U.S.A"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Murry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sean Parker Institute for the Voice, Weill Cornell Medical College New York New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucian","family":"Sulica","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sean Parker Institute for the Voice, Weill Cornell Medical College New York New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0892-1997(01)00043-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/jshd.5301.57"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-200104000-00005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-200409000-00009"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","volume-title":"Classification Manual for Voice Disorders\u2010I","author":"Vedolini K","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","volume-title":"Stroboscopy","author":"Woo P","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0030-6665(05)70262-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1121\/1.397959"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","first-page":"10","volume-title":"9th Symposium on Care of the Professional Voice","author":"Hirano M","year":"1980"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-200105000-00029"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.22421"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/S0892-1997(03)00065-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0892-1997(02)00112-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.24451"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000219952"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.20696","article-title":"The prevalence of laryngeal pathology in a treatment\u2010seeking population with dysphonia","volume":"120","author":"Houtte E","year":"2010","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000276060"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348941011900106"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215100098959"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-012-2156-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0385-8146(83)80003-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348948209100410"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0892-1997(05)80209-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1960.00740010760007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0892-1997(05)80084-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016488809106393"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","volume-title":"Principles of Voice Production","author":"Titze IR","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1960.00740010760007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","unstructured":"U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.The Health Consequences of Smoking\u2013 50 Years of Progress: A Report of the Surgeon General. 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