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The most important cause of recurrence is enucleation with rupture and incomplete tumor excision at operation. Incomplete pseudocapsule, extracapsular extension, pseudopods of pleomorphic adenoma tissue, and satellite pleomorphic beyond the pseudocapsule are also likely linked to recurrent pleomorphic adenoma. Most recurrent pleomorphic adenoma are multinodular. Magnetic resonance imaging is the imaging study of choice for recurrent pleomorphic adenoma. Nerve integrity monitoring may reduce morbidity for recurrent pleomorphic adenoma. Treatment of recurrent pleomorphic adenoma must be individualized. Total parotidectomy, given the multicentricity of recurrent pleomorphic adenoma, is appropriate in many patients, but may be inadequate to control recurrent pleomorphic. There is accumulating evidence from retrospective series that postoperative radiation therapy results in significantly better local control. <jats:italic>Laryngoscope<\/jats:italic>, 125:888\u2013893, 2015<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.24964","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,7]],"date-time":"2014-10-07T13:15:34Z","timestamp":1412687734000},"page":"888-893","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":128,"title":["Etiology and management of recurrent parotid pleomorphic adenoma"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"125","author":[{"given":"Robert L.","family":"Witt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head &amp; Neck Surgery Christiana Care\/Thomas Jefferson University Newark Delaware U.S.A"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David W.","family":"Eisele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head &amp; Neck Surgery Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore Maryland U.S.A"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Randall P.","family":"Morton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery University of Auckland"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head &amp; Neck Surgery Counties\u2010Manukau Health, University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Piero","family":"Nicolai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University of Brescia Brescia Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincent Vander","family":"Poorten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery"},{"name":"Department of Oncology Section Head &amp; Neck Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Zb\u00e4ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University Hospital Bern Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.20569"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-200112000-00024"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-200401000-00030"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.18004519314"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2012.05.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-200212000-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.20613"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0142(19980215)82:4<617::AID-CNCR1>3.0.CO;2-I"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-199410000-00008"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.2880160302"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02630721"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1986.03780110056007"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9610(96)00293-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0194-5998(99)70053-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.2880120410"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_1","first-page":"181","volume":"33","author":"Maxwell EL","year":"2004","journal-title":"Recurrent pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_1","first-page":"670","article-title":"The operative removal tumors of the parotid salivary gland","volume":"31","author":"Martin H","year":"1952","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-199412000-00011"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.21830"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_21_1","first-page":"276","article-title":"Mixed tumors of salivary glands","volume":"30","author":"Krolls SO","year":"1972","journal-title":"Long\u2010term follow\u2010up. 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