{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,5]],"date-time":"2023-10-05T05:40:54Z","timestamp":1696484454642},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,29]],"date-time":"2014-10-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1414540800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives\/Hypothesis<\/jats:title><jats:p>Human T\u2010lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV\u20101) infection is endemic in the northeast area of Iran. Although various neurological disturbances have been reported in HTLV\u20101 infection, possible audiovestibular involvement during this infection has not yet been studied.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Case control study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sixty\u2010eight cases in three groups including 24 HTLV\u20101\u2013infected patients with HTLV\u20101\u2013 associated myelopathy\/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM\/TSP) (group 1), 23 HTLV\u20101\u2013infected cases without clinical presentation (group 2), and 21 normal individuals (group 3) entered our study. A complete history of hearing\u2010related disorders and a profile of audiologic tests, including pure\u2010tone audiometry (PTA) with high frequencies, speech reception threshold (SRT), and auditory brainstem response (ABR) were taken.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Subjective audiovestibular complaints of participants showed a significant difference among HAM\/TSP patients and the two other groups regarding hearing loss and tinnitus, but not vertigo or aural fullness. Hearing evaluation by SRT and PTA in all frequencies showed a significant difference between HAM\/TSP patients (group 1) and the controls (group 3). The difference was also significant between asymptomatic cases (group 2) and the controls only in PTA frequencies above 4 kHz. Auditory brainstem\u2010evoked potential did not show any significant differences among the groups regarding latency of I, III, and V waves and interwave differences.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>HTLV\u20101 infection, particularly in those with a clinical presentation, appears to accompany hearing loss. Based on the results of PTA and ABR tests, this study may suggest a cochlear source of hearing impairment rather than neural problems.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>3b. <jats:italic>Laryngoscope<\/jats:italic>, 125:956\u2013960, 2015<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.24982","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,29]],"date-time":"2014-10-29T15:34:49Z","timestamp":1414596889000},"page":"956-960","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Is human <scp>T<\/scp>\u2010lymphotropic virus type 1 infection associated with hearing loss?"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"125","author":[{"given":"Mehdi","family":"Bakhshaee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sinus and Surgical Endoscopic Research Center"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amirhossein","family":"Sorouri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology Imam Reza Educational Hospital"},{"name":"Department of Neurology Ghaem Educational Hospital"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Shoeibi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology Imam Reza Educational Hospital"},{"name":"Department of Neurology Ghaem Educational Hospital"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Reza","family":"Boustani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Ghaem Educational Hospital"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Farideh","family":"Golhasani\u2010Keshtan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ghaem Educational Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amin","family":"Amali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Otorhinolaryngology Research Center Department of Otorhinolaryngology Imam Khomeini Educational Complex Hospital, Valiasr Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohsen","family":"Rajati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","unstructured":"EtemadiM FaridR RezaeeSA BoostaniR.HTLV\u2010I and Associated Diseases. 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