{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T00:43:00Z","timestamp":1784248980649,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,28]],"date-time":"2014-11-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1417132800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives\/Hypothesis<\/jats:title><jats:p>To describe clinical characteristics of oral mucoceles\/ranulas, with a focus on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)\u2010related salivary gland diseases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>A descriptive and clinical study, with review of patient data.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Material and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We reviewed 113 referred cases of oral mucocele. The following anatomical sites were identified: lip, tongue, and floor of the mouth (simple ranulas), as well as plunging ranulas. The age and gender data of the patients with oral mucoceles were recorded. The HIV status of the patients and other information were reviewed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There were 30 (26.5%) males and 83 (73.5%) females. Most patients were below 30 years of age, with the peak frequency in the first and second decade. Ranula (simple and plunging) represented 84.1% of the mucocele locations. Mucocele on the lips represented 10.6%. Seventy\u2010two (63.7%) patients were HIV positive; and 97.2% of them had ranulas. Thirty\u2010eight (33.6%) patients presented with plunging ranulas; and 92.1% of them were HIV positive, compared with two patients presenting with plunging ranulas in the HIV\u2010negative group. These results strongly suggest that an HIV\u2010positive patient is statistically (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001) more at risk of presenting with not only a simple, but also a plunging ranula type.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study presents a different clinical picture of oral mucoceles\/ranulas, as observed in HIV\u2010positive patients. Additionally, it suggests a possible clinical link between the two pathologies. The authors strongly support the suggestion that oral mucocele\/ranula is an HIV\u2010related salivary gland disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>4. <jats:italic>Laryngoscope<\/jats:italic>, 125:1130\u20131136, 2015<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.25058","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,28]],"date-time":"2014-11-28T21:35:44Z","timestamp":1417210544000},"page":"1130-1136","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Oral mucocele\/ranula: Another human immunodeficiency virus\u2010related salivary gland disease?"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"125","author":[{"given":"Kabunda","family":"Syebele","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Maxillo\u2013Facial and Oral Surgery University of Pretoria  South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thifhelimbilu I.","family":"Munzhelele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Maxillo\u2013Facial and Oral Surgery University of Limpopo Medunsa Campus Medunsa South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4172\/2329\u2010891x.1000111"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","first-page":"45","article-title":"Prevalence of oral manifestations and associated factors in the HIV infection at a reference hospital from the health's unified system, Brazil","volume":"1","author":"Silva SM","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Ther Manage HIV Infect"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0976-237X.123043"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","first-page":"44","article-title":"Prevalence of orodental findings in HIV\u2010infected Romanian children","volume":"23","author":"Flaitz C","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pediatr Dent"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4317\/jced.50888"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1601-0825.2003.00962.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.2009.00749.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.1993.tb01074.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","first-page":"58","article-title":"Diagnostic discussion. 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