{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T20:10:47Z","timestamp":1777579847338,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,16]],"date-time":"2015-03-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1426464000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Department of Defense Deployment Related Medical Research Program","award":["DR090349"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DR090349"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000181","name":"Air Force Office of Scientific Research","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["FA9550-04-1-0101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FA9550-04-1-0101"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000181","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["DE019026"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DE019026"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["DC005572"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DC005572"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["DC 00170"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DC 00170"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["RR 01192"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RR 01192"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Lockheed Martin Corporation","award":["LMC-46674"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LMC-46674"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives\/Hypothesis<\/jats:title><jats:p>To demonstrate the dosimetry effect of electromechanical reshaping (EMR) on cartilage shape change, structural integrity, cellular viability, and remodeling of grafts in an in vivo long\u2010term animal model.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Animal study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A subperichondrial cartilaginous defect was created within the base of the pinna of 31 New Zealand white rabbits. Autologous costal cartilage grafts were electromechanically reshaped to resemble the rabbit auricular base framework and mechanically secured into the pinna base defect. Forty\u2010nine costal cartilage specimens (four control and 45 experimental) successfully underwent EMR using a paired set of voltage\u2010time combinations and survived for 6 or 12 weeks. Shape change was measured, and specimens were analyzed using digital imaging, tissue histology, and confocal microscopy with LIVE\u2010DEAD viability assays.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Shape change was proportional to charge transfer in all experimental specimens (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.01) and increased with voltage. All experimental specimens contoured to the auricular base. Focal cartilage degeneration and fibrosis was observed where needle electrodes were inserted, ranging from 2.2 to 3.9 mm. The response to injury increased with increasing charge transfer and survival duration.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>EMR results in appropriate shape change in cartilage grafts with chondrocyte injury highly localized. These studies suggest that elements of auricular reconstruction may be feasible using EMR. Extended survival periods and further optimization of voltage\u2010time pairs are necessary to evaluate the long\u2010term effects and shape\u2010change potential of EMR.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Levels of Evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>NA <jats:italic>Laryngoscope<\/jats:italic>, 125:2058\u20132066, 2015<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.25237","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,17]],"date-time":"2015-03-17T00:49:53Z","timestamp":1426553393000},"page":"2058-2066","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Long\u2010term in vivo electromechanical reshaping for auricular reconstruction in the New Zealand white rabbit model"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"125","author":[{"given":"Karam W.","family":"Badran","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Beckman Laser Institute, University of California\u2013Irvine Irvine California"},{"name":"Department of Head and Neck Surgery University of California\u2013Los Angeles Los Angeles California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cyrus T.","family":"Manuel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beckman Laser Institute, University of California\u2013Irvine Irvine California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anthony Chin","family":"Loy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beckman Laser Institute, University of California\u2013Irvine Irvine California"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University of California\u2013Irvine Orange California U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Conderman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beckman Laser Institute, University of California\u2013Irvine Irvine California"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University of California\u2013Irvine Orange California U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuk Yee","family":"Yau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beckman Laser Institute, University of California\u2013Irvine Irvine California"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University of California\u2013Irvine Orange California U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beckman Laser Institute, University of California\u2013Irvine Irvine California"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University of California\u2013Irvine Orange California U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tjoson","family":"Tjoa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beckman Laser Institute, University of California\u2013Irvine Irvine California"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University of California\u2013Irvine Orange California U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Erica","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beckman Laser Institute, University of California\u2013Irvine Irvine California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dmitriy","family":"Protsenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beckman Laser Institute, University of California\u2013Irvine Irvine California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brian J. F.","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beckman Laser Institute, University of California\u2013Irvine Irvine California"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University of California\u2013Irvine Orange California U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-195901000-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-198007000-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02844319850158930"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199308000-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2009.02.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamafacial.2013.2040"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","unstructured":"GandyJT ManuelCT NguyenT WongBJ.The future of auricular repair: using EMR to develop a minimally invasive technique to build a human ear. Military Health System Research Symposium. Fort Lauderdale FL. August 18\u201321 2014."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-200311000-00011"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.21892"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2011.2157155"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.20123"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archfaci.4.3.180"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9290(97)00028-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archfaci.8.2.105"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/2013.jamafacial.2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0033-1363754"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.23730"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-010-0088-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","first-page":"75482M","volume-title":"Photonics Therapeutics and Diagnostics VI","author":"Foulad A","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.20666"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-010-0139-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-005-9051-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.20029"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.34613"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/ar2719"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.20944"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.24696"}],"container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Flary.25237","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Flary.25237","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/lary.25237","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,4]],"date-time":"2023-10-04T03:49:28Z","timestamp":1696391368000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/lary.25237"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,16]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/lary.25237"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lary.25237","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0023-852X","1531-4995"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0023-852X","type":"print"},{"value":"1531-4995","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,16]]}}}