{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,28]],"date-time":"2026-03-28T11:16:05Z","timestamp":1774696565890,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,24]],"date-time":"2015-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1448323200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives\/Hypothesis<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate for the first time the feasibility and methodology of long\u2010range Fourier domain optical coherence tomography (LR\u2010OCT) imaging of the internal nasal valve (INV) area in healthy individuals.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prospective individual cohort study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>For 16 individuals, OCT was performed in each nare. The angle and the cross\u2010sectional area of the INV were measured. OCT images were compared to corresponding digital pictures recorded with a flexible endoscope.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>INV angle measured by OCT was found to be 18.3\u00b0 \u00b1 3.1\u00b0 (mean \u00b1 standard deviation). The cross\u2010sectional area was 0.65 \u00b1 0.23 cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>. The INV angle measured by endoscopy was 18.8\u00b0 \u00b1 6.9\u00b0. There was no statistically significant difference between endoscopy and OCT concerning the mean INV angle (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .778), but there was a significant difference in test precision (coefficient of variance 50% vs. 15%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; .001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>LR\u2010OCT proved to be a fast and easily performed method. OCT could accurately quantify the INV area. The values of the angle and the cross\u2010sectional area of the INV were reproducible and correlated well with the data seen with other methods. Changes in size could be reliably delineated. Endoscopy showed similar values but was significantly less precise.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>2b. <jats:italic>Laryngoscope<\/jats:italic>, 126:E97\u2013E102, 2016<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.25785","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,24]],"date-time":"2015-11-24T14:17:54Z","timestamp":1448374674000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Imaging of the internal nasal valve using long\u2010range <scp>F<\/scp>ourier domain optical coherence tomography"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"126","author":[{"given":"Anna S.","family":"Englhard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Ludwig Maximilian University Munich Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maximilian","family":"Wiedmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering University of California, Irvine Irvine California U.S.A"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Georg J.","family":"Ledderose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Ludwig Maximilian University Munich Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bryan","family":"Lemieux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beckman Laser Institute University of California, Irvine Irvine California U.S.A"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alan","family":"Badran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beckman Laser Institute University of California, Irvine Irvine California U.S.A"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhongping","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering University of California, Irvine Irvine California U.S.A"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christian S.","family":"Betz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Ludwig Maximilian University Munich Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brian J.","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beckman Laser Institute University of California, Irvine Irvine California U.S.A"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University of California, Irvine Irvine California U.S.A"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2006.10.064"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199405000-00010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2010.04.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-199504000-00017"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-199503000-00010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","first-page":"7","article-title":"The nasal valves: changes in anatomy and physiology in normal subjects","volume":"38","author":"Shaida AM","year":"2000","journal-title":"Rhinology"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1016\/S0030-6665(20)31590-5","article-title":"Nasal valve physiology. 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