{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T10:32:22Z","timestamp":1792665142197,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,28]],"date-time":"2016-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1469664000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>As the adoption of endoscopic endonasal approaches (EEA) continues to proliferate, increasing numbers of internal carotid artery (ICA) injuries are reported. The objective of this study was to develop a synthetic ICA injury\u2010training model that could mimic this clinical scenario and be portable, repeatable, reproducible, and without risk of biological contamination.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Based on computed tomography of a human head, we constructed a synthetic model using selective laser sintering with polyamide nylon and glass beads. Subsequently, the model was connected to a pulsatile pump using 6\u2010mm silicon tubing. The pump maintains a pulsatile flow of an artificial blood\u2010like fluid at a variable pressure to simulate heart beats. Volunteer surgeons with different levels of training and experience were provided simulation training sessions with the models. Pre\u2010 and posttraining questionnaires were completed by each of the participants.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pre\u2010 and posttraining questionnaires suggest that repeated simulation sessions improve the surgical skills and self\u2010confidence of trainees.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This ICA injury model is portable; reproducible; and avoids ethical, biohazard, religious, and legal problems associated with cadaveric models. A synthetic ICA injury model for EEA allows recurring training that may improve the surgeon's ability to maintain endoscopic visualization, control catastrophic bleeding, decrease psychomotor stress, and develop effective team strategies to achieve hemostasis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>NA <jats:italic>Laryngoscope<\/jats:italic>, 127:38\u201343, 2017<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.26181","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,21]],"date-time":"2016-12-21T09:46:43Z","timestamp":1482313603000},"page":"38-43","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Training model for control of an internal carotid artery injury during transsphenoidal surgery"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"127","author":[{"given":"Jun","family":"Muto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus Ohio U.S.A."},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery Keio University, School of Medicine Tokyo Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ricardo L.","family":"Carrau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus Ohio U.S.A."},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus Ohio U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenichi","family":"Oyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus Ohio U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brad A.","family":"Otto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus Ohio U.S.A."},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus Ohio U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel M.","family":"Prevedello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus Ohio U.S.A."},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus Ohio U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otc.2015.09.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.25748"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0034-1372470"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.20033"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","volume-title":"Materials and Applications for the SLS Selective Laser Sintering Process","author":"McAlea K","year":"1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00016480410016478"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10143-014-0580-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-010-0624-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MLG.0b013e318031c817"}],"container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Flary.26181","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/lary.26181","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/lary.26181","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/lary.26181","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,19]],"date-time":"2023-08-19T08:42:35Z","timestamp":1692434555000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/lary.26181"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,28]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/lary.26181"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lary.26181","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0023-852X","1531-4995"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0023-852X","type":"print"},{"value":"1531-4995","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,28]]}}}