{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T02:11:59Z","timestamp":1789179119321,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,12]],"date-time":"2016-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1470960000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives\/Hypothesis<\/jats:title><jats:p>Lingual tonsil hypertrophy is a common cause of persistent airway obstruction in patients with Down syndrome (DS) following adenotonsillectomy (T&amp;A); however, little is known about the effect of lingual tonsillectomy (LT) on polysomnographic outcomes in these patients. Our objective was to describe changes in sleep\u2010related respiratory outcomes following LT in children with DS and persistent obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) following T&amp;A.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective case series.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We included all children with DS who underwent polysomnography before and after LT at a tertiary care center from 2003 to 2013. Nonparametric analysis of variables was performed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Forty patients with DS underwent LT; 21 met inclusion criteria. The mean age at surgery was 9.3 \u00b1 4.3 years and 47.6% were female. The median apnea\u2010hypopnea index (AHI) was 9.1 events\/hour (range, 3.8 to 43.8 events\/hour) before surgery and 3.7 events\/hour (range, 0.5 to 24.4 events\/hour) after surgery. The median improvement in overall AHI and the obstructive AHI (oAHI) were 5.1 events\/hour (range, \u22122.9 to 41) and 5.3 events\/hour (range, \u22122.9 to 41), respectively (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;.0001). The mean oxygen saturation nadir improved from 84% to 89% (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> =.004). The mean time with CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> &gt; 50 mm Hg, central index, and percentage of rapid eye movement sleep were not significantly different. After surgery, the oAHI was &lt;5 events\/hour in 61.9% and \u22641 in 19% of patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In children with DS, persistent OSA after T&amp;A and lingual tonsil hypertrophy, LT significantly improved AHI, oAHI, and O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> saturation nadir. We recommend that children with DS should be evaluated for lingual tonsil hypertrophy if found to have persistent OSA following T&amp;A.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>4 <jats:italic>Laryngoscope<\/jats:italic>, 2016 127:520\u2013524, 2017<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.26202","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,12]],"date-time":"2016-08-12T10:37:26Z","timestamp":1470998246000},"page":"520-524","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Polysomnographic outcomes following lingual tonsillectomy for persistent obstructive sleep apnea in down syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"127","author":[{"given":"J. Drew","family":"Prosser","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Georgia Regents University Augusta Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sally R.","family":"Shott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati Ohio"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University of Cincinnati College of Medicine Cincinnati Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oscar","family":"Rodriguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine University of Mississippi Medical Center Jackson Mississippi"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Narong","family":"Simakajornboon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jareen","family":"Meinzen\u2010Derr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati Ohio U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stacey L.","family":"Ishman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati Ohio"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University of Cincinnati College of Medicine Cincinnati Ohio"},{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1076\/1380-3395(200010)22:5;1-9;FT554"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0030301"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.132.4.432"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.157.7.655"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599815587877"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2007.04.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.22346"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-006-0149-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.183.1.1830175"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.25459"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","first-page":"268","volume-title":"Surgical Pediatric Otolaryngology","author":"Shott SR","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","volume-title":"The ASSM Manual for the Scoring of Sleep and Associated Events: Rules, Terminology and Technical Specifications","author":"Iber C","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2009.03.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2011.06.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2012.02.028"}],"container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Flary.26202","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Flary.26202","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/lary.26202","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,5]],"date-time":"2023-10-05T02:28:35Z","timestamp":1696472915000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/lary.26202"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,12]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/lary.26202"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lary.26202","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0023-852X","1531-4995"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0023-852X","type":"print"},{"value":"1531-4995","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,12]]}}}