{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T02:28:22Z","timestamp":1792290502686,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,19]],"date-time":"2016-09-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1474243200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives\/Hypothesis<\/jats:title><jats:p>Numerous symptoms may arise that prevent mother\u2010infant dyads from maintaining desired breastfeeding intervals. Investigations into treatments that positively influence breastfeeding outcomes allow for improved patient counseling for treatment decisions to optimize breastfeeding quality. This investigation aimed to determine the impact of surgical tongue\u2010tie\/lip\u2010tie release on breastfeeding impairment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prospective, cohort study from June 2014 to April 2015 in a private practice setting.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Study participants consisted of breastfeeding mother\u2013infant (0\u201312 weeks of age) dyads with untreated ankyloglossia and\/or tethered maxillary labial frenula who completed preoperative, 1 week, and 1 month postoperative surveys consisting of the Breastfeeding Self\u2010Efficacy Scale\u2010Short Form (BSES\u2010SF), visual analog scale (VAS) for nipple pain severity, and the revised Infant Gastroesophageal Reflux Questionnaire (I\u2010GERQ\u2010R). Breastmilk intake was measured preoperatively and 1 week postoperatively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 237 dyads were enrolled after self\u2010electing laser lingual frenotomy and\/or maxillary labial frenectomy. Isolated posterior tongue\u2010tie was identified in 78% of infants. Significant postoperative improvements were reported between mean preoperative scores compared to 1 week and 1 month scores of the BSES\u2010SF (<jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>(2)<\/jats:sub> = 212.3; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; .001), the I\u2010GERQ\u2010R (<jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>(2)<\/jats:sub> = 85.3; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; .001), and VAS pain scale (<jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>(2)<\/jats:sub> = 259.8; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; .001). Average breastmilk intake improved 155% from 3.0 (2.9) to 4.9 (4.5) mL\/min (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; .001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Surgical release of tongue\u2010tie\/lip\u2010tie results in significant improvement in breastfeeding outcomes. Improvements occur early (1 week postoperatively) and continue to improve through 1 month postoperatively. Improvements were demonstrated in both infants with classic anterior tongue\u2010tie and less obvious posterior tongue\u2010tie. This study identifies a previously under\u2010recognized patient population that may benefit from surgical intervention if abnormal breastfeeding symptoms exist.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>2c <jats:italic>Laryngoscope<\/jats:italic>, 127:1217\u20131223, 2017<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.26306","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,19]],"date-time":"2016-09-19T06:54:29Z","timestamp":1474268069000},"page":"1217-1223","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":143,"title":["Breastfeeding improvement following tongue\u2010tie and lip\u2010tie release: A prospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"127","author":[{"given":"Bobak A.","family":"Ghaheri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery The Oregon Clinic Portland Oregon U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melissa","family":"Cole","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Luna Lactation Portland Oregon U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah C.","family":"Fausel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine Oregon Health and Science University Portland, Oregon U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Chuop","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine Oregon Health and Science University Portland, Oregon U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jess C.","family":"Mace","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Rhinology and Skull Base Surgery Oregon Health and Science University Portland Oregon U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","unstructured":"Baby\u2010Friendly USA website.Accrediting Body for the Baby\u2010Friendly Hospital Initiative. 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