{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]],"date-time":"2025-11-06T06:08:14Z","timestamp":1762409294432,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,23]],"date-time":"2017-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1503446400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008958","name":"Lawson Health Research Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008958","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>The use of computer simulation to develop a high\u2010fidelity model has been proposed as a novel and cost\u2010effective alternative to help guide therapeutic intervention in sleep apnea surgery. We describe a computer model based on patient\u2010specific anatomy of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) subjects wherein the percentage and sites of upper airway collapse are compared to findings on drug\u2010induced sleep endoscopy (DISE).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Basic science computer model generation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Three\u2010dimensional finite element techniques were undertaken for model development in a pilot study of four OSA patients. Magnetic resonance imaging was used to capture patient anatomy and software employed to outline critical anatomical structures. A finite\u2010element mesh was applied to the volume enclosed by each structure. Linear and hyperelastic soft\u2010tissue properties for various subsites (tonsils, uvula, soft palate, and tongue base) were derived using an inverse finite\u2010element technique from surgical specimens. Each model underwent computer simulation to determine the degree of displacement on various structures within the upper airway, and these findings were compared to DISE exams performed on the four study patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Computer simulation predictions for percentage of airway collapse and site of maximal collapse show agreement with observed results seen on endoscopic visualization.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Modeling the upper airway in OSA patients is feasible and holds promise in aiding patient\u2010specific surgical treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>NA. <jats:italic>Laryngoscope<\/jats:italic>, 128:277\u2013282, 2018<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.26834","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,23]],"date-time":"2017-08-23T05:52:45Z","timestamp":1503467565000},"page":"277-282","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Constructing a patient\u2010specific computer model of the upper airway in sleep apnea patients"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"128","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9810-5318","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sandeep S.","family":"Dhaliwal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Western University London Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seyyed M.","family":"Hesabgar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biophysics Western University London Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seyyed M. 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