{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T23:48:33Z","timestamp":1788306513869,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,2]],"date-time":"2017-09-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1504310400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives\/Hypothesis<\/jats:title><jats:p>To delineate clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) in the youngest of children.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective chart review.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A 7\u2010year retrospective chart review of children with clinicopathologic diagnosis of EoE was performed with specific analysis of patients under 5 years old. EoE was defined as the presence of symptoms of esophageal dysfunction with pathologically proven eosinophilic inflammation (\u226515 eosinophils per high\u2010power field [EOS\/HPF]) unresponsive to reflux therapy. Patient parameters and clinical results were systematically reviewed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of 558 children diagnosed with EoE, 127 (22.8%) were younger than 5 years old (mean age 2.5 years). This subgroup presented with reflux symptoms (90.1%), vomiting (86.2%), diarrhea (55.3%), liquid dysphagia (52.0%), and constipation (50.0%), whereas food impaction (1.6%) was rare. Liquid dysphagia was present at all ages but significantly more common in younger children (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.0101). The most common food and environmental allergens were egg whites (39.7%), cow's milk (36.5%), peanuts (34.9%), animal dander (15.1%), and weed pollen (11.1%). Patients were managed with antireflux medication (100%), elimination diet (83.5%), and steroid medication (68.5%). After treatment, 86% of parents reported symptom improvement. Mean reduction of EOS in pos\u2010treatment biopsy was 33.5 EOS\/HPF (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.0001), and 67 patients showed histologic resolution of EoE (56.8%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.0001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Approximately one\u2010quarter of children with EoE present under 5 years of age with multiple esophageal symptoms, comorbidities, and allergen\u2010sensitization profiles. These patients demonstrate substantial clinicohistologic improvement following therapy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>4. <jats:italic>Laryngoscope<\/jats:italic>, 128:798\u2013805, 2018<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.26838","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,2]],"date-time":"2017-09-02T08:52:51Z","timestamp":1504342371000},"page":"798-805","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Eosinophilic esophagitis in children under the age of 5 years: Clinical characteristics"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"128","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0494-7547","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ravi W.","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock  Arkansas"},{"name":"Arkansas Children's Hospital Little Rock Arkansas 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