{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]],"date-time":"2026-04-06T20:57:00Z","timestamp":1775509020129,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,8]],"date-time":"2017-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1507420800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U24 DC011968"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U24 DC011968"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001873","name":"Starkey Hearing Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001873","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate the distribution of ciliated epithelium in the human middle ear and its potential role in the formation of cholesteatoma.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Comparative human temporal bone study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We selected temporal bones from 14 donors with a diagnosis of cholesteatoma, 15 with chronic otitis media without retraction pockets, 14 with chronic otitis media with retraction pockets, 14 with cystic fibrosis (CF), and 16 controls. We mapped the distribution of the ciliated cells in the mucosal lining of the middle ear and tympanic membrane using three\u2010dimensional reconstruction analysis, and counted the number of ciliated cells in the middle ear mucosa.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ciliated cells are extremely sparse in the epithelial lining of the lateral surface of the ossicles in the epitympanum and the medial surface of the tympanic membrane. Furthermore, there is a significant decrease in the number of ciliated cells in these areas in temporal bones with cholesteatoma, chronic otitis media, chronic otitis media with retraction pockets, and CF compared to controls. Ciliated cells most commonly are located at the hypotympanum and the Eustachian tube opening but not the tympanic membrane or epitympanum.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The paucity of ciliated epithelial cells on the medial side of the tympanic membrane and the lateral surface of the ossicles in the epitympanum in cases with cholesteatoma and\/or chronic otitis media do not support the mucosal migration theory of cholesteatoma formation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>NA. <jats:italic>Laryngoscope<\/jats:italic>, 128:1663\u20131667, 2018<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.26940","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,8]],"date-time":"2017-10-08T05:04:38Z","timestamp":1507439078000},"page":"1663-1667","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Evidence against the mucosal traction theory in cholesteatoma"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"128","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5575-7030","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Henrique F.","family":"Pauna","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery University of Campinas\u2013UNICAMP  Campinas"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rafael C.","family":"Monsanto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine St. Louis Missouri U.S.A"},{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo (UNIFESP)\/Escola Paulista de Medicina (UNIFESP\/EPM) S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patricia","family":"Schachern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael M.","family":"Paparella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota"},{"name":"Paparella Ear, Head and Neck Institute Minneapolis Minnesota"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard A.","family":"Chole","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sebahattin","family":"Cureoglu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215109992763"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215107000503"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","first-page":"428","article-title":"Dequamative Entzundung des Mittelohrs (Cholesteatom des Felsenbeins)","volume":"14","author":"Wendt H","year":"1873","journal-title":"Arch Heilk"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","first-page":"250","article-title":"\u00dcber bei Entstehung der Mittlohrcholesteatome","volume":"11","author":"Lange W","year":"1925","journal-title":"Z Hals Nas Ohrenheilk"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","first-page":"42","article-title":"Zur Entstehung des Cholesteatoms des Mittlohrs","volume":"27","author":"Haberman J","year":"1889","journal-title":"Arch Ohrenheilk"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01583540"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","first-page":"265","volume-title":"Cholesteatoma and Mastoid Surgery","author":"Portman M","year":"1982"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.25261"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00034894760850S214"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.25937"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00034894900990S607"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016488409122876"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00016480600606616"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348947208100205"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.25651"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","first-page":"53","volume-title":"Schuknecht's Pathology of the Ear","author":"Adams JC","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1165\/ajrcmb.24.2.4157"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12070-011-0372-x"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","first-page":"15","article-title":"Functional morphology of the lining membrane of the middle ear and Eustachian tube: an overview","volume":"83","author":"Lim DJ","year":"1974","journal-title":"Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215100124004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016489009122547"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","first-page":"26","article-title":"Inflammation and seromucous otitis","volume":"30","author":"Clech G","year":"2001","journal-title":"Presse Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","first-page":"1299","article-title":"Observation of mucosa of Eustachian tube with scanning electron microscope on spontaneous otitis media in mice","volume":"29","author":"Ma W","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016489709113412"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000027572"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mlc.2001.113371"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016489109134991"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-0709(96)90054-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00176705"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004050050134"}],"container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Flary.26940","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/lary.26940","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,17]],"date-time":"2023-09-17T13:34:18Z","timestamp":1694957658000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/lary.26940"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,8]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/lary.26940"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lary.26940","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0023-852X","1531-4995"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0023-852X","type":"print"},{"value":"1531-4995","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,8]]}}}