{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T12:11:47Z","timestamp":1780575107494,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,6]],"date-time":"2017-11-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1509926400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives\/Hypothesis<\/jats:title><jats:p>The objective was to describe trends in the annual prevalence of hospitalization for pediatric acute mastoiditis since introduction of the 7\u2010valent pneumococcal vaccine in 2000 and the 13\u2010valent vaccine in 2010.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cross\u2010sectional retrospective data analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The Kids' Inpatient Database from years 2000 to 2012 was analyzed. To determine the annual prevalence of hospitalization for acute mastoiditis, nationally weighted frequencies of hospitalization for children &lt;21 years with acute mastoiditis diagnoses were collected. Trend analysis of hospitalization rates from 2000 to \u20102012 was performed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>From 2000 to 2012, there was no significant trend in hospitalization rates for acute mastoiditis overall (1.38 and 1.43 per 100,000 persons in 2000 and 2012, respectively;<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>= .86) or by age group. When comparing hospitalization rates at time points 2000 and 2012, children &lt;1 year (4.65 and 3.27 per 100,000 persons,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>= .0023) and 1 to 2 years of age (3.95 and 3.18 per 100,000 persons, respectively;<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>= .0107) demonstrated declines in hospitalization over time. Between 2009 and 2012, hospitalization rates also significantly declined for children aged &lt;1 year (4.50 to 3.27 per 100,000 persons,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>= .0056) and 1 to 2 years (4.30 to 3.18 per 100,000 persons,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>= .0002) but increased for children 5 to 9 years (1.10 to 1.81 per 100,000 persons,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt; .0001) and 10 to 20 years of age (0.41 to 0.72 per 100,000 persons,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt; .0001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Despite introduction of two pneumococcal vaccines, rates of hospitalization for pediatric acute mastoiditis did not decline between 2000 and 2012. Between 2009 and 2012, however, children 0 to 2 years of age showed declining hospitalization rates, possibly reflecting the protective benefit of the 13\u2010valent pneumococcal vaccine.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>4.<jats:italic>Laryngoscope<\/jats:italic>, 128:1480\u20131485, 2018<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.26968","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,6]],"date-time":"2017-11-06T06:14:43Z","timestamp":1509948883000},"page":"1480-1485","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Pediatric acute mastoiditis in the era of pneumococcal vaccination"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"128","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5284-7049","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kareem O.","family":"Tawfik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University of Cincinnati College of Medicine Cincinnati Ohio U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0997-9692","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stacey L.","family":"Ishman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University of Cincinnati College of Medicine Cincinnati Ohio U.S.A."},{"name":"Division of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati Ohio U.S.A."},{"name":"Division of Pulmonary Medicine Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati Ohio U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meredith E.","family":"Tabangin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati Ohio U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mekibib","family":"Altaye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati Ohio U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jareen","family":"Meinzen\u2010Derr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University of Cincinnati College of Medicine Cincinnati Ohio U.S.A."},{"name":"Division of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati Ohio U.S.A."},{"name":"Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati Ohio U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel I.","family":"Choo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University of Cincinnati College of Medicine Cincinnati Ohio U.S.A."},{"name":"Division of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati Ohio U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2009.1163"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.287.23.3096"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","first-page":"7","article-title":"Recommended childhood immunization schedule\u2014United States, 2001","volume":"50","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2001","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly 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