{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T11:35:03Z","timestamp":1792409703917,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,25]],"date-time":"2018-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1535155200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Therapeutic options in olfactory dysfunction (OD) are limited. Numerous studies have shown impact of OD on quality of life. Lately, various studies support benefits of olfactory training, but therapy\u2010refractory cases leave doctors and patients locked in a stalemate. An olfactory implant (OI), in analogy to the widely successful cochlear implant, still seems far away from realization. The present study sought to evaluate the demand of OI in patients with OD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sixty\u2010one patients (28 females and 33 males, mean age\/standard deviation 54.9\/17.6 years) with OD were recruited. We performed olfactory testing for threshold (T), discrimination (D), and identification (I) using Sniffin' Sticks; summed scores (TDI) allowed us to determine normosmia, hyposmia, and anosmia. We applied questionnaires on the importance of smell (IOS), on olfactory disorders (QOD) and on the interest\/willingness for OI, considering the need for skull base\/head surgery.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty\u2010one patients (34.4%) stated that OI could be a future treatment option for them. This decision significantly correlated with TDI, I, complaint\u2010related questions of the QOD, and IOS (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>With approximately one\u2010third of patients considering OI as a therapy option, this study seems to indicate a demand for OI. In selected patients, with a high degree of complaints, low olfactory test scores, and maybe an additional occupational need for olfactory function, OI might be an option if future developments warrant safety of OI procedures.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>4 <jats:italic>Laryngoscope<\/jats:italic>, 129:312\u2013316, 2019<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.27476","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,26]],"date-time":"2018-08-26T05:24:11Z","timestamp":1535261051000},"page":"312-316","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Olfactory implant: Demand for a future treatment option in patients with olfactory dysfunction"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"129","author":[{"given":"Gerold","family":"Besser","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery Medical University of Vienna  Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David T.","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery Medical University of Vienna  Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bertold","family":"Renner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology  Erlangen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Hummel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Smell and Taste Clinic, Department of Otorhinolaryngology TU Dresden  Dresden Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian A.","family":"Mueller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery Medical University of Vienna  Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.127.5.497"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/chemse\/bjt072"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-200404000-00026"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-008-0807-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-012-2108-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.128.6.635"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.24340"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lio2.62"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4193\/Rhin16.195"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","first-page":"454","article-title":"Olfactory disorders: the patients' view","volume":"47","author":"Landis BN","year":"2009","journal-title":"Rhinology"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","first-page":"e263","article-title":"The olfactory implant system: a novel method to treat anosmia. 17th International Symposium on Olfaction and Taste (ISOT2016)","volume":"41","author":"Coelho D","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chem Senses"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-006-0173-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4193\/Rhino16.248"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004050050223"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-004-0796-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.23349"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","first-page":"209","article-title":"Is the Persian version of the \u201cOlfactory Disorder Questionnaire\u201d reliable and valid?","volume":"29","author":"Jalessi M","year":"2017","journal-title":"Iranian J Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-009-1054-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci8050080"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-016-8227-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2018.05.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.24113"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/chemse\/bjg061"}],"container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Flary.27476","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/lary.27476","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,14]],"date-time":"2023-09-14T16:30:13Z","timestamp":1694709013000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/lary.27476"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,25]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/lary.27476"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lary.27476","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0023-852X","1531-4995"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0023-852X","type":"print"},{"value":"1531-4995","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-08-25","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}