{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T10:05:14Z","timestamp":1760609114374},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,13]],"date-time":"2018-12-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1544659200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives\/Hypothesis<\/jats:title><jats:p>Isolated case studies have shown improper sterilization or contamination of equipment from anesthesia carts can lead to transmission of disease and even death. Citing this literature, national accrediting agencies mandated all instruments in the otolaryngology airway carts at San Antonio Military Medical Center be packaged to prevent contamination. This study sought to determine the infection and safety implications of packaged airway cart instruments.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective chart review.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A review of upper aerodigestive tract procedures, some of which penetrated mucosa, was performed by analyzing 100 patient records during the unpackaged period and 100 during the packaged period. A comparison of infections, deaths, and length of stay in the hospital was included in the analysis. Additionally, a timed simulation to setup a simple group of instruments for an emergency airway situation from both the unpackaged and packaged airway carts was performed using a total of 11 surgical technologists and nurses.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Each group had a total of four airway infections and neither had any deaths. The average length of hospital stay was 0.36 days for the unpackaged period and 0.44 days from the packaged period. None of these variables reached statistical significance. The average time to find and set out the correct instruments for the two groups was 46.6 and 95.5 seconds for the unpackaged and packaged airway carts, respectively (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .004).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study suggests individually packaging of instruments used for emergency airway cases may put lives at risk when time matters and fails to decrease the risk of infection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>3 <jats:italic>Laryngoscope<\/jats:italic>, 129:715\u2013719, 2019<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.27503","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,14]],"date-time":"2018-12-14T07:33:27Z","timestamp":1544772807000},"page":"715-719","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Mandated wrapping of airway cart instruments: Limited access without the intended safety benefits"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"129","author":[{"given":"Skyler W.","family":"Nielsen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Tripler Army Medical Center  1 Jarrett White Rd HI, 96859"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jayne R.","family":"Stevens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"San Antonio Uniformed Services Health Education Consortium  Fort Sam Houston Texas"},{"name":"Department of Head and Neck Oncological Surgery, Madigan Army Medical Center, Department of Otolaryngology, 9040 Jackson Ave, Tacoma, WA 98431 University of Michigan  Ann Arbor Michigan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gregory J.","family":"Stevens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Tripler Army Medical Center  1 Jarrett White Rd HI, 96859"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jagatkumar","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences  Bethesda Maryland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert L.","family":"Eller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Greenville Voice Center Greenville ENT Associates, Greenville Health System  Greenville South Carolina U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","unstructured":"RutalaWA WeberDJ.Guideline for disinfection and sterilization in healthcare facilities 2008. Center for Disease Control and Prevention website. Available at:https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/infectioncontrol\/pdf\/guidelines\/disinfection-guidelines.pdf. Accessed December 17 2015."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","first-page":"28","article-title":"Updated and new Joint Commission FAQs: laryngoscopes and endotracheal tubes","volume":"77","author":"Pujols\u2010McKee A","year":"2013","journal-title":"ASA Newsletter"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","first-page":"15","article-title":"What's needed for reprocessing, storage of laryngoscope blades?","volume":"27","author":"Rosing J","year":"2011","journal-title":"OR Manager"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0195-6701(95)90282-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","unstructured":"SanchezR.Coroner calls for review of anaesthetic procedures after woman's death.Telegraphwebsite. Available at:https:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/health\/news\/8703963\/Coroner-calls-for-review-of-anaesthetic-procedures-after-womans-death.html. 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