{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T08:21:30Z","timestamp":1780561290113,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,25]],"date-time":"2018-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1543104000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P\u201050 DC007667"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P\u201050 DC007667"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives\/Hypothesis<\/jats:title><jats:p>Interest in eustachian tube (ET) dysfunction (ETD) has increased with the recent Food and Drug Administration approval of a new device for balloon dilation of the ET (BDET) in adults. However, children have been receiving BDET treatment with ET\u2010specific or sinus balloons around the world and off\u2010label in the United States for years. It is important, therefore, to understand the manifestations of and methods to verify ETD in children.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective cross\u2010sectional study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This is a retrospective study of clinical presentations and results of ET function (ETF) tests in children referred to the ETD clinic. An otorhinolaryngology exam, nasopharyngeal videoendoscopy of the ET orifices during swallow and maneuvers, and ETF tests, including inflation deflation, forced response test, and pressure chamber tests, were performed as applicable.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data for 30 children aged 6.2 to 17.3 years (mean\u2009=\u200912.9\u2009\u00b1\u20092.8 years) were analyzed. Of 60 ears, 19 (31.7%) had an intact tympanic membrane (TM), 16 (26.7%) had a patent and two had a blocked ventilation tube, and 23 (38.3%) had a TM perforation. Endoscopy of the nasopharynx revealed a large amount of secretions in 19\/45 (42.2%); ET orifices and mucosal inflammation in 22\/45 (48.8%); a large amount of adenoid tissue in the fossa of Rosenmuller was noted in 21\/45 (46.7%). ETF tests revealed abnormal active function in 43\/54 ears (79.6%) and abnormal passive function in 40\/54 ears (74.1%).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>ETD in children is often associated with residual or regrowth of adenoids and inflammation. Caution should be taken assigning a uniform phenotype and treatment prior to thorough evaluation and testing.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>4 <jats:italic>Laryngoscope<\/jats:italic>, 129:1218\u20131228, 2019<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.27545","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,26]],"date-time":"2018-11-26T07:00:02Z","timestamp":1543215602000},"page":"1218-1228","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Presentation and eustachian tube function test results in children evaluated at a specialty clinic"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"129","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0551-8285","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cuneyt M.","family":"Alper","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania"},{"name":"Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania"},{"name":"Clinical and Translational Science Institute University of Pittsburgh  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania U.S.A"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miriam S.","family":"Teixeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beverly C.","family":"Richert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Douglas Swarts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-6749(88)90168-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","volume-title":"Eustachian Tube Structure, Function, Role in Otitis Media","author":"Bluestone CD","year":"2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","first-page":"5","article-title":"Trans\u2010mucosal inert gas exchange constants for the monkey middle ear","volume":"26","author":"Alper CM","year":"1999","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1995.01890080055011"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0194-5998(99)70133-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.21275"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016489609137893"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215109991034"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heares.2013.01.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-199604000-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0385-8146(85)80083-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-5876(03)00127-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0003489474083S1103"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-197501000-00009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.26827"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-014-3443-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","first-page":"1759","article-title":"Eustachian tube balloon dilation in eustachian tube dysfunction related diseases [in Chinese]","volume":"28","author":"Liang M","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00034894760850S214"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016488109133289"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.25928"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-016-4430-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anl.2017.01.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2014.01.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2013.3559"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016489.2014.882017"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599815620149"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.24021"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2011.12.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.23223"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5152\/iao.2016.2086"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599817731729"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.25316"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/coa.12428"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00106-012-2573-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.24922"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/coa.12451"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0003489475084S1910"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","first-page":"1325","article-title":"Eustachian tube function as related to adenoidectomy for otitis media","volume":"76","author":"Bluestone CD","year":"1972","journal-title":"Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2016.3105"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016488809125029"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00034894941030S515"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_43_1","first-page":"227","article-title":"Effect of adenoidectomy on eustachian tube function. Preliminary results of a randomized clinical trial","volume":"47","author":"Mandel EM","year":"1992","journal-title":"Adv Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-5876(98)00113-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1445-2197.2009.05106.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2009\/949315"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12070-013-0698-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-199212000-00014"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.24894"}],"container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Flary.27545","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/lary.27545","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/lary.27545","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/lary.27545","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,10]],"date-time":"2023-09-10T16:24:18Z","timestamp":1694363058000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/lary.27545"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,25]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/lary.27545"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lary.27545","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0023-852X","1531-4995"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0023-852X","type":"print"},{"value":"1531-4995","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-08-06","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-11-25","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}