{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]],"date-time":"2026-01-27T23:44:05Z","timestamp":1769557445522,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,27]],"date-time":"2018-12-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1545868800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Posterior glottic stenosis (PGS) results in severe derangement of laryngeal configuration and function with significant morbidity as a sequalae. Presently, there is no treatment for patients with \u201cearly\u201d PGS. Dilation is often used for stenotic disease, but present dilation methods are limited to a round shape and the glottis is a sector (teardrop\u2010shaped). Round dilation of the larynx results in compression of the membranous vocal folds (with potential for injury) and minimal expansion of the posterior larynx. We present a novel laryngeal dilation method that matches the unique anatomic shape of the glottis: teardrop\u2010shaped glottis dilation (TSGD).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We present a clinical series of early PGS patients treated with a TSGD. Five patients with dyspnea and significantly reduced vocal fold mobility due to early PGS were treated with TSGD, which involves placement of a triangular static stent in the anterior glottis, with simultaneous use of a round balloon dilator in the posterior glottis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>All patients reported improved ease of breathing and decrease in Dyspnea Index score and were decannualated following treatment. Video perceptual analysis of pre\u2010\/postlaryngoscopy examinations was performed with five blinded reviewers, and all patients were scored to have improved posterior glottic airway space following treatment with a mean improvement of 2.4 on a 11\u2010point scale.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>These clinical results demonstrate that there is enormous potential for the identification and treatment of patients with early PGS and use of a laryngeal dilation technique that matches the anatomic configuration of the glottis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>4<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Laryngoscope<\/jats:italic>, 129:1428\u20131432, 2019<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.27594","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,27]],"date-time":"2018-12-27T08:20:26Z","timestamp":1545898826000},"page":"1428-1432","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["The glottis is not round: Teardrop\u2010shaped glottic dilation for early posterior glottic stenosis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"129","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1571-1086","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clark A.","family":"Rosen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1200-460X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hailun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8016-6091","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel J.","family":"Cates","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Libby J.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.1983.93.10.1314"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/019459988008800625"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0030-6665(05)70248-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","first-page":"7","article-title":"Posterior glottic stenosis","volume":"10","author":"Spiegel JR","year":"1999","journal-title":"Oper Tech Otolayngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0196-0709(95)90066-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0194-5998(99)70145-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-200401000-00027"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mlg.0000235934.27964.88"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348940111000703"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2013.12.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mlg.0000225377.33945.14"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"CatesDJ CatesKY SmithLJ RosenCA. Novel anatomically appropriate balloon dilation technique of the glottis to treat posterior glottic stenosis model in a 3D\u2010printed model. Accepted.2017. Laryngoscope 2018. DOI:10.1002\/lary.27524.","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.27524"}],"container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Flary.27594","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/lary.27594","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/lary.27594","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/lary.27594","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,10]],"date-time":"2023-09-10T13:25:14Z","timestamp":1694352314000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/lary.27594"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,27]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/lary.27594"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lary.27594","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0023-852X","1531-4995"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0023-852X","type":"print"},{"value":"1531-4995","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-08-24","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-12-27","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}