{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T07:56:13Z","timestamp":1792828573161,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,5]],"date-time":"2018-12-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1543968000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives\/Hypothesis<\/jats:title><jats:p>Currently, due to the rarity of pathology, there are limited data surrounding outcomes of pediatric skull base surgery. Traditionally, surgeons have proceeded with caution when electing endonasal endoscopic transsellar\/transplanum approaches to the skull base in pediatric patients due to poor sphenoid pneumatization. In this study, we review outcomes of endoscopic pediatric skull base surgery based on sphenoid pneumatization patterns.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective chart review.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A review of all cases of pediatric (age\u2009&lt;\u200918 years) craniopharyngioma managed via an endoscopic endonasal approach at a tertiary academic medical center.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 27 patients were included in the analysis. The median age was 8 years. Nineteen (70%) patients were male. Presellar, sellar\/postsellar, and conchal sphenoid pneumatizations were found in 6, 11, and 10 patients, respectively. There was no significant association between sphenoid pneumatization pattern and extent of resection (gross vs. subtotal, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.414), postoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.450), intraoperative estimated blood loss (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.098), total operative time (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.540), and length of stay (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.336). On multivariate analysis, after accounting for age, sex, preoperative cranial nerve involvement, and cavernous sinus invasion, there remained no significant association between sphenoid pneumatization pattern and extent of resection (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.999) and postoperative CSF leak (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.959).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sphenoid pneumatization pattern does not appear to affect outcomes in endoscopic skull base surgery in the pediatric population. Importantly, lack of sphenoid pneumatization does not impede gross total resection or increase complications. Thorough knowledge of the anatomy during the endoscopic approach is critical to optimize outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>4 <jats:italic>Laryngoscope<\/jats:italic>, 129:832\u2013836, 2019<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.27600","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,6]],"date-time":"2018-12-06T03:05:45Z","timestamp":1544065545000},"page":"832-836","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Lack of Sphenoid Pneumatization Does Not Affect Endoscopic Endonasal Pediatric Skull Base Surgery Outcomes"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"129","author":[{"given":"Edward C.","family":"Kuan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University of California, Irvine Medical Center  Orange California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam C.","family":"Kaufman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University of Pennsylvania  Philadelphia Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Lerner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University of Pennsylvania  Philadelphia Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael A.","family":"Kohanski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University of Pennsylvania  Philadelphia Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles C. L.","family":"Tong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University of Pennsylvania  Philadelphia Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bobby A.","family":"Tajudeen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Rush University Medical Center  Chicago Illinois"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arjun K.","family":"Parasher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University of South Florida  Tampa Florida"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John Y. K.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery University of Pennsylvania  Philadelphia Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Phillip B.","family":"Storm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurosurgery Children's Hospital of Philadelphia  Philadelphia Pennsylvania U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James N.","family":"Palmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University of Pennsylvania  Philadelphia Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nithin D.","family":"Adappa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University of Pennsylvania  Philadelphia Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0037-1617449"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","first-page":"65","article-title":"The expanded endonasal approach for the treatment of intracranial skull base disease in the pediatric population","volume":"23","author":"Khalili S","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck 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