{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T21:54:43Z","timestamp":1777586083437,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,9]],"date-time":"2019-01-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1546992000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000055","name":"National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["F31 DC015178"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["F31 DC015178"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000055","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000055","name":"National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32 DC009401"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32 DC009401"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000055","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives\/Hypothesis<\/jats:title><jats:p>Vocal fold collagen composition is an important determinant of material properties and mucosal wave propagation. Collagen alignment and straightness are quantitatively characterized by second harmonic generation (SHG) imaging. We examined leporine, canined and porcine vocal folds showing collagen composition variation that is species, location, and strain specific.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Animal model.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Leporine (n = 5), canine (n = 5), and porcine (n = 5) larynges were harvested and fixed in situ. Samples were transversely sectioned, and SHG images were collected for two inferior\u2013superior sections along five anterior\u2013posterior locations. Additional porcine samples were fixed and imaged under tensile strain (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, n = 5 per group). Two\u2010way repeated measures (RM) analysis of variance (ANOVA) tested for section and location differences in each species. Multiway RM\u2010ANOVA tested for section, location, and strain differences in porcine samples.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Alignment and straightness were higher inferiorly in the porcine (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .0047, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .002) and canine (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .0011, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; .001) vocal folds, but not in leporine samples (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .67652, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .4831). There were significant interactions between elongation and superior\u2013inferior section for both alignment (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .0047) and straightness (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .0371).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our results correspond well to findings in the literature that the inferior vocal fold lip is stiffer in porcine and canine larynges. The absence of a collagen gradient in the leporine vocal fold is notable because rabbits are less vocal animals, indicating the collagen gradient may be a result of voice use and an important consideration in model selection when extracellular matrix is of interest. Strain results were also consistent with the role of collagen in strain stiffening behavior of vocal fold tissue.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>NA <jats:italic>Laryngoscope<\/jats:italic>, 129:2549\u20132556, 2019<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.27782","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,10]],"date-time":"2019-01-10T06:06:11Z","timestamp":1547100371000},"page":"2549-2556","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Quantitative second harmonic generation imaging of leporine, canine, and porcine vocal fold collagen"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"129","author":[{"given":"Erin E.","family":"Devine","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery School of Medicine and Public Health University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison  Madison Wisconsin 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U.S.A"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3070-4952","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jack J.","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery School of Medicine and Public Health University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison  Madison Wisconsin U.S.A"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.22426"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","volume-title":"Principals of Voice Production","author":"Titze 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