{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T09:18:25Z","timestamp":1793092705369,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,6]],"date-time":"2019-06-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1559779200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives\/Hypothesis<\/jats:title><jats:p>The current gold standard of therapy for adductor spasmodic dysphonia (AdSD) is injection of botulinum toxin A (BTX) in the adductor musculature. A surgical procedure could potentially offer more stable and long\u2010lasting voice quality. In this study, we report the long\u2010term results of endoscopic laser thyroarytenoid (TA) myoneurectomy versus BTX treatment in the same patients with AdSD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective case series.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Between July 2013 and September 2016, a total of 22 patients with AdSD were included. Voice outcomes were measured using the Voice Handicap Index and a Likert\u2010scale patient\u2010reported voice questionnaire. Data were obtained for each patient at four time points: preoperatively with and without BTX and twice postoperatively at 3 months (short term) and 12 months (long term).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>No statistically significant differences were found between voice outcome after BTX injection and the short\u2010 and long\u2010term postoperative voice outcomes for the group as a whole. During postoperative follow\u2010up, 10 of the 22 patients (45%) needed a second procedure after an average of 18 months (interquartile range, 13\u201322 months) due to recurrence of their original voice problem.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The TA myoneurectomy showed encouraging results, comparable to BTX after follow\u2010up of 12 months for the group as a whole. However, after good results initially, voice deterioration was seen in 45% of the patients who all underwent a second procedure. These preliminary results provide important insights into the value of TA myoneurectomy as a potential definite treatment for a select group of patients with AdSD. Further research might explore long\u2010term results after revision surgery.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>4<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Laryngoscope<\/jats:italic>, 130:741\u2013746, 2020<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.28105","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,6]],"date-time":"2019-06-06T14:20:25Z","timestamp":1559830825000},"page":"741-746","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Adductor spasmodic dysphonia: Botulinum toxin a injections or laser thyroarytenoid myoneurectomy? A comparison from the patient perspective"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"130","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9260-6856","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juli\u00ebtta H. C.","family":"Schuering","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Leiden University Medical Center  Leiden the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8309-8773","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bas J.","family":"Heijnen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Leiden University Medical Center  Leiden the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisabeth V.","family":"Sj\u00f6gren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Leiden University Medical Center  Leiden the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonius P. 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