{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T09:41:58Z","timestamp":1788514918058,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,1]],"date-time":"2019-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1564617600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>An increasing number of vocal fold cysts excised, as compared to polyps, over the last decade led us to review these cases. We found a statistically significant increase in cysts excised as compared to polyps, over the latter 5\u2010year period (2013\u20132017). This prompted us to analyze possible factors responsible for this increase. We also performed a histological study of the normative distribution pattern of seromucinous glands in the apparently normal vocal folds.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A retrospective review of all cysts and polyps excised over a 10\u2010year period was performed. Patient demographics, air\u2010pollution levels, videostroboscopic findings and histologic analysis of pathology were reviewed. Findings were compared between the initial and latter 5\u2010year period of all cysts excised. The second part of the study entailed a histological study of the presence and distribution pattern of seromucinous glands in 40 apparently normal fresh frozen cadaver vocal folds.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There was a statistically significant (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .035) increase of mucous retention cysts excised as compared to polyps over the latter 5\u2010year period. Decreased laryngeal hydration was a significant associated finding in cysts excised over the decade as compared to polyps. Striking zone lesions, suggestive of vocal abuse, were seen in a majority of patients of both polyps and cysts excised over the decade. Air pollution had significantly increased in India over the latter 5\u2010year period. Vocal fold histology in cadavers revealed a presence of seromucinous glands in 32.50% (13\/40) with 25.00% (10\/40) present in the Superficial Lamina Propria (SLP).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Decreased laryngeal hydration, vocal abuse and mucous glands present in the SLP may be predisposing factors towards mucous retention cyst formation. An increase in number of these cysts excised over the latter 5\u2010year period was seen as was increased air pollution.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>3b for the first part of study and NA for the second part of the study<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Laryngoscope<\/jats:italic>, 130:986\u2013991, 2020<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.28206","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,1]],"date-time":"2019-08-01T14:10:47Z","timestamp":1564668647000},"page":"986-991","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["A 10\u2010year study of the etiopathogenesis of cysts with a study of seromucinous glands in vocal folds"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"130","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4127-1590","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nupur Kapoor","family":"Nerurkar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Bombay Hospital Voice and Swallowing Centre  Mumbai Maharashtra India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Trishna","family":"Chitnis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bombay Hospital Voice and Swallowing Centre  Mumbai Maharashtra India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vani Krishana","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bombay Hospital Voice and Swallowing Centre  Mumbai Maharashtra India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Girish","family":"Muzumdar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Histopathology Bombay Hospital  Mumbai Maharashtra India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keyuri","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Histopathology Bombay Hospital  Mumbai Maharashtra India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pritha","family":"Bhuiyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital  Mumbai Maharashtra India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","first-page":"A4577","article-title":"Phonosurgery of vocal fold polyps, cysts and nodules is beneficial","volume":"60","author":"Jensen JB","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dan Med J"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00453383","article-title":"Light and electron microscopical studies of the anatomical and functional distribution of glands in human vocal cords","volume":"240","author":"El\u2010Hifnawi H","year":"1984","journal-title":"Arch Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","unstructured":"Naumann CF. \u00dcber den Aufbau der Luftrohrenschleimhaut beim erwachsenen Menschen. 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