{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T08:03:51Z","timestamp":1782288231522,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,24]],"date-time":"2020-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1579824000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>A previous study demonstrated low rates of high\u2010frequency hearing loss and noise exposure among Asian Americans (AAs). This study examined the prevalence of tinnitus and associated factors among AAs using the first nationally representative sample of AAs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cross\u2010sectional analysis of a national health survey.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We analyzed data from the 2011 to 2012 National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey, during which 3,669 participants aged 20 to 69\u2009years completed questionnaires on tinnitus (AA participants, n = 530). Tinnitus was defined as bothersome ringing lasting 5\u2009minutes or more in the past 12\u2009months. Prevalence of any tinnitus in the past 12\u2009months was calculated incorporating sampling weights. Logistic regression was used to examine the associations with relevant factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The prevalence of any tinnitus was 6.6% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.5\u20108.6) among AAs, significantly lower than the prevalence among the overall population at 16.5% (95% CI: 14.3\u201018.8]. After adjusting for audiometric hearing loss and demographics, AAs were less likely to report any tinnitus than whites (odds ratio [OR] =\u20090.43 [95% CI: 0.24\u20100.75]), blacks (OR = 0.60 [95% CI: 0.37\u20100.95]), and Hispanics (OR = 0.60 [95% CI: 0.45\u20100.78]). Rates of tinnitus were not different from whites or blacks once comorbidities, noise exposure, and depression were taken into account. Among AAs, reporting exposure to work\u2010related noise (OR = 2.92 [95% CI: 1.15\u20107.41]) and having a major depressive disorder (OR = 6.45 [95% CI: 1.15\u201036.12]) were significant factors associated with tinnitus in a multivariate model.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The prevalence of tinnitus is significantly lower among AAs in comparison to other racial groups. Noise exposure and depression were significant factors associated with tinnitus among AAs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>2b <jats:italic>Laryngoscope<\/jats:italic>, 2020<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.28535","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,24]],"date-time":"2020-01-24T15:47:27Z","timestamp":1579880847000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Prevalence of Tinnitus and Associated Factors Among Asian Americans: Results From a National Sample"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"130","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8840-9411","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Janet S.","family":"Choi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Rick and Tina Caruso Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California  Los Angeles California U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alison J.","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California  Los Angeles California U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Courtney C. J.","family":"Voelker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rick and Tina Caruso Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California  Los Angeles California U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joni K.","family":"Doherty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rick and Tina Caruso Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California  Los Angeles California U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4241-6189","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John S.","family":"Oghalai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rick and Tina Caruso Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California  Los Angeles California U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurel M.","family":"Fisher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rick and Tina Caruso Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California  Los Angeles California U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2010.02.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215114001030"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2018.01.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2013.01.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AUD.0b013e31827d113a"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","unstructured":"American Tinnitus Association. 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