{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T03:32:25Z","timestamp":1768447945838,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,4]],"date-time":"2020-05-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1588550400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives\/Hypothesis<\/jats:title><jats:p>To review the demographics, treatment, and survival of pediatric melanoma of the head and neck and to determine if melanoma of the head and neck has worse survival than melanoma of other body sites.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective database review.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pediatric patients from 0 to 21\u2009years in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results 18 registries database were included from 1975 to 2016 based on a diagnosis of melanoma of the skin using the primary site <jats:italic>International Classification of Diseases for Oncology, Third Edition<\/jats:italic> codes from C44.0\u2010C44.9.skin of lip, C44.1\u2010eyelid, C44.2\u2010external ear, C44.3\u2010skin other\/unspecified parts of face, C44.4\u2010skin of scalp and neck, C44.5\u2010skin of trunk, C44.6\u2010skin of upper limb and shoulder, C44.7\u2010skin of lower limb and hip, C44.8\u2010overlapping lesion of skin, and C44.9\u2010skin, NOS (not otherwise specified).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 4,561 pediatric melanomas of the skin were identified. There were 854 (18.7%) cases of melanoma of the head and neck (MHN) and 3,707 (81.3%) cases of melanoma of the body (MOB). The hazard ratio for MHN versus MOB was 1.6 (95% confidence interval: 1.3\u20102.1) after accounting for sex, race, and age. Of MHN sites, the hazard ratio for melanoma of the scalp and neck was 2.2 (1.1\u20104.7). The 2\u2010 and 5\u2010year Kaplan\u2010Meier overall survival for MHN were 94.6% and 90.7%, respectively, compared with 96.6% and 94.7%, respectively, for MOB (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.01).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Survival outcomes of pediatric melanoma are notably related to anatomic site. Children with melanoma of the scalp and neck have the worst survival of all sites. Additionally, children who are older\/white\/male are at greater risk for worse survival outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>3 <jats:italic>Laryngoscope<\/jats:italic>, 131:E635\u2013E641, 2021<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.28711","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,4]],"date-time":"2020-05-04T13:09:36Z","timestamp":1588597776000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Survival Differences Between Pediatric Head and Neck Versus Body Melanoma in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"131","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9734-0324","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kevin","family":"Shi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University of Utah  Salt Lake City Utah U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P. Ryan","family":"Camilon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University of Utah  Salt Lake City Utah U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jared M.","family":"Roberts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University of Utah  Salt Lake City Utah U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeremy D.","family":"Meier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University of Utah  Salt Lake City Utah U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2005.02.899"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2008.09.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2016.07.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/PHMT.S115534"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CMR.0b013e3283577b96"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19880815)62:4<831::AID-CNCR2820620432>3.0.CO;2-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19950515)75:10<2492::AID-CNCR2820751015>3.0.CO;2-W"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2006.07455.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00043426-200009000-00008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000637-200104000-00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.12.953"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","unstructured":"National Cancer Institute. 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