{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]],"date-time":"2026-04-24T09:41:11Z","timestamp":1777023671529,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,11]],"date-time":"2020-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597104000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sj\u00f6gren syndrome is a systemic inflammatory disease causing gland dysfunction. Few (and contradictory) reports on the mucosal effects of Sj\u00f6gren syndrome have appeared. Here, we objectively demonstrate nasal dryness in Sj\u00f6gren syndrome patients and explore the effect of such dryness on olfaction.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty\u2010four consecutive patients with primary Sj\u00f6gren syndrome were enrolled in this cross\u2010sectional study. The control group consisted of 21 age\u2010 and sex\u2010matched volunteers. Medical histories and nasal findings were recorded. The Connecticut Chemosensory Clinical Research Center test was used to evaluate olfactory function. All subjects underwent mucucociliary clearance analysis (the saccharin test and peak nasal inspiratory flowmetry). The intranasal Schirmer test was used to evaluate the nasal cavity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The nasal Schirmer test scores were 8.4\u2009mm (right) and 8\u2009mm (left) (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> =\u2009.041, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> =\u2009.016, respectively, compared to controls). The Chi\u2010squared test revealed significant differences (compared to controls) in nasal dryness (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> =\u2009.001), postnasal drip (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> =\u2009.04), and smell (a decrease) (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> =\u2009.005). Neither olfactory function nor mucociliary clearance differed between the groups. We noted a trend toward a positive correlation between olfactory function and the nasal Schirmer score but statistical significance was not attained.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The intranasal Schirmer test objectively showed that Sj\u00f6gren syndrome patients exhibited nasal cavity dryness; this is useful in terms of follow\u2010up. This did not affect olfactory function.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>4 <jats:italic>Laryngoscope<\/jats:italic>, 131:370\u2013373, 2021<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.29022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,12]],"date-time":"2020-08-12T03:32:20Z","timestamp":1597203140000},"page":"370-373","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Does Nasal Secretion Decrease in Sj\u00f6gren Syndrome and Does This Affect Nasal Function?"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"131","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4475-3250","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erdem","family":"Eren","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head &amp; Neck Surgery Izmir Atat\u00fcrk Research and Education Hospital  \u0130zmir Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7008-1964","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Koray","family":"Balc\u0131","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head &amp; Neck Surgery Izmir Atat\u00fcrk Research and Education Hospital  \u0130zmir Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"\u00d6nay","family":"Ger\u00e7ik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology Izmir Katip \u00c7elebi University Atat\u00fcrk Research and Education Hospital  \u0130zmir Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G\u00f6khan","family":"Kabaday\u0131","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology Izmir Katip \u00c7elebi University Atat\u00fcrk Research and Education Hospital  \u0130zmir Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Servet","family":"Akar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology Izmir Katip \u00c7elebi University Atat\u00fcrk Research and Education Hospital  \u0130zmir Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/ijms.17718"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20093"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","first-page":"73","article-title":"Sj\u00f6gren syndrome with nasal dryness: an ultrastructural study of nasal mucosa","volume":"79","author":"Am\u0131n SM","year":"2011","journal-title":"Med J Cairo Univ"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","first-page":"265","article-title":"Nasal and paranasal involvement in primary Sjogren's syndrome","volume":"51","author":"Midilli R","year":"2013","journal-title":"Rhinology"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","first-page":"142","article-title":"Smell and nasal findings in patients with primary Sj\u00f6gren's syndrome","volume":"61","author":"Rasmussen N","year":"1986","journal-title":"Scand J Rheumatol Suppl"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780361218"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.21591"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599816685696"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-198801000-00017"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-014-2988-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-76-3-375"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kep249"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-014-3208-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5152\/tao.2018.3416"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12070-013-0632-z"}],"container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Flary.29022","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/lary.29022","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/lary.29022","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/lary.29022","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,2]],"date-time":"2023-09-02T08:01:04Z","timestamp":1693641664000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/lary.29022"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,11]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/lary.29022"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lary.29022","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0023-852X","1531-4995"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0023-852X","type":"print"},{"value":"1531-4995","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-05-05","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-07-24","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-08-11","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}