{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T15:21:34Z","timestamp":1787066494676,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]],"date-time":"2020-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598918400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Race predicts overall mortality (OM) of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) in the United States (US). We assessed whether racial disparities affect cancer\u2010specific mortality (CSM) using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Adults with LSCC from 2004 to 2015 were selected. Univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazards and Fine\u2010Gray competing\u2010risks regression analysis adjusted for clinicodemographic factors defined hazard ratios (aHR).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We identified 14,506 patients. The median age was 63\u2009years. Most were male (11,725, 80.8%) and white (11,653, 80.3%), followed by Black (2294, 15.8%). Most had early\u2010stage disease (7544, 52.0%) and received radiotherapy only (4107, 28.3%), followed by chemoradiation (3748, 25.8%). With median follow\u2010up of 60\u2009months, overall 3\u2010 and 5\u2010year OM were 34.0% and 43.2%; CSM were 16.0% and 18.9%, respectively. Black patients had higher OM than white patients on univariable (HR 1.35, 95% CI, 1.26\u20131.44,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;\u2009.001) and multivariable (aHR 1.10, 95% CI, 1.02\u20131.18,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =\u2009.011) analyses. Black patients had higher CSM on univariable analysis (HR 1.22, 95% CI, 1.09\u20131.35,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;\u2009.001) but not on multivariable CSM analysis (aHR 1.01, 95% CI, 0.90\u20131.13,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =\u2009.864). On multivariable analysis, year of diagnosis, age, disease site, stage, treatment, nodal metastasis, marital status, education, and geography significantly predicted CSM.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>On multivariable analyses controlling for sociodemographic, clinical, and treatment characteristics, Black and white patients differed in OM but not in CSM. However, Black patients presented with greater proportions of higher stage cancers and sociodemographic factors such as income and marital status that were associated with worse outcomes. Efforts to target sociodemographic disparities may contribute to the mitigation of racial disparities in LSCC.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      4\n                      <jats:italic>Laryngoscope<\/jats:italic>\n                      , 131:E1147\u2013E1155, 2021\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.29046","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]],"date-time":"2020-09-01T15:25:27Z","timestamp":1598973927000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Disparities in Mortality from Larynx Cancer: Implications for Reducing Racial Differences"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"131","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9364-3042","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sophia","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head &amp; Neck Surgery New York University School of Medicine  New York New York U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6119-0889","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edward Christopher","family":"Dee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Dana\u2010Farber Cancer Institute\/Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts U.S.A."},{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vinayak","family":"Muralidhar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Dana\u2010Farber Cancer Institute\/Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul L.","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Dana\u2010Farber Cancer Institute\/Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Milan R.","family":"Amin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head &amp; Neck Surgery New York University Langone Health  New York New York U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Babak","family":"Givi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head &amp; Neck Surgery New York University Langone Health  New York New York U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21343"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21442"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.path.2016.10.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(01)01538-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2011.08.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0149886"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.24443"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2011.01.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mlg.0000224939.61503.83"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.29171"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","first-page":"327","article-title":"Effect of payer status on relative survival of patients with laryngeal cancer","volume":"36","author":"Mehta V","year":"2016","journal-title":"Anticancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13187-014-0753-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2013.2549"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.28417"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00432-015-2061-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.28588"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","first-page":"43","article-title":"Association between head and neck squamous cell carcinoma survival, smoking at diagnosis, and marital status","volume":"144","author":"Osazuwa\u2010Peters N","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599819892015"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.25212"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2014.1671"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","unstructured":"National Cancer Institute. 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