{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T04:23:31Z","timestamp":1776054211183,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,9]],"date-time":"2020-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1599609600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives\/Hypothesis<\/jats:title><jats:p>We sought to characterize rates of progression to posterior glottic stenosis (PGS) from autoimmune or idiopathic subglottic stenosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>This was a retrospective review<jats:italic>.<\/jats:italic><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients from a tertiary\u2010care laryngology practice over a 10\u2010year period with autoimmune or idiopathic subglottic stenosis (SGS) were included. Patients with a history of prolonged intubation or other causes of iatrogenic stenosis were excluded. PGS was confirmed on videostrobolaryngoscopy recordings by a fellowship\u2010trained laryngologist. PGS type (1\u20134) was also recorded. Demographic information was recorded, and if applicable, autoimmune disease type was specified. Time until PGS was recorded along with the number of interventions. Chi\u2010squared analysis was used to compare PGS in autoimmune and idiopathic SGS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 77 patients were identified with autoimmune (32 patients) or idiopathic (45 patients) subglottic stenosis. Autoimmune pathologies included systemic lupus erythematosus, granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), rheumatoid arthritis, relapsing polychondritis, and sarcoidosis, with GPA the most common (14\/32). Patients with autoimmune SGS had a higher rate of PGS (10 of 32) compared to idiopathic subglottic stenosis (1 of 45) for an odds ratio of 20 (95% CI: 2.4\u2013166.4, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u2009.006). Patients with idiopathic SGS were more likely to be female (all 45 compared to 29\/32 autoimmune, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u2009.07) and older (mean 53 (range 29\u201375) compared to 46 (20\u201382), <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u2009.02).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this large patient cohort, autoimmune SGS patients were found to have a higher likelihood of developing PGS compared to their idiopathic counterparts, suggesting that counseling for this progression may be warranted.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>4 <jats:italic>Laryngoscope<\/jats:italic>, 131:1816\u20131820, 2021<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.29085","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,24]],"date-time":"2020-09-24T18:27:34Z","timestamp":1600972054000},"page":"1816-1820","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Differing Progression to Posterior Glottic Stenosis in Autoimmune and Idiopathic Subglottic Stenosis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"131","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4389-3104","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gregory R.","family":"Dion","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dental and Craniofacial Trauma Research Department U.S. Army Institute of Surgical Research, JBSA Fort Sam Houston  San Antonio Texas U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julian S.","family":"De la Chapa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Long School of Medicine UT Health San Antonio  San Antonio Texas U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Whitney","family":"Bettenhausen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery UT Health San Antonio  San Antonio Texas U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0122-276X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura M.","family":"Dominguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery UT Health San Antonio  San Antonio Texas U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C. Blake","family":"Simpson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery University of Alabama at Birmingham  Birmingham Alabama U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2007.12.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.24956"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.24287"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348940111000403"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0003489415582255"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0b013e3181648d4a"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.26931"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2016.4131"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.26874"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Comparative treatment outcomes for patients with idiopathic subglottic stenosis","volume":"146","author":"Gelbard A","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599817691955"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lio2.284"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348947508400605"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3949\/ccjm.79.s3.04"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2014.01.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.sempedsurg.2016.02.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2011.07.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.08-1180"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/019459988008800625"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0030-6665(05)70248-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0003489415608867"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1973.00780020178007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.25708"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000001088"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780391020"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2019.0707"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0720-048X(98)00038-2"}],"container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/lary.29085","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/lary.29085","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/lary.29085","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,29]],"date-time":"2023-08-29T22:26:11Z","timestamp":1693347971000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/lary.29085"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,9]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/lary.29085"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lary.29085","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0023-852X","1531-4995"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0023-852X","type":"print"},{"value":"1531-4995","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-04-24","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-08-17","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-09-09","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}