{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T16:14:41Z","timestamp":1780330481618,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,15]],"date-time":"2020-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1600128000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Limited information exists regarding the associations between pre\u2010existing immune parameters in the tumor immune microenvironment (TIM) and either chemoradiosensitivity or prognosis for patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the nasopharynx or oropharynx involving virus\u2010related or nonvirus\u2010related tumors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective cohort study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We retrospectively reviewed 141 patients with EBV+, p16+, or EBV\u2212 and p16\u2212 statuses who are receiving chemoradiotherapy. We performed immunohistochemistry using pretreatment biopsy specimens to analyze the programed death ligand 1 (PD\u2010L1) levels in tumor and immune cells and CD8+ tumor\u2010infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) density. We evaluated chemoradiosensitivity and prognosis with respect to these immune\u2010related parameters.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Virus\u2010related tumors showed associations with both PD\u2010L1 expression and high CD8+ TIL density. Patients with higher CD8+ TIL density or greater numbers of PD\u2010L1+ tumor and immune cells showed significant rates of favorable local recurrence\u2010free survival (LRFS), progression\u2010free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS). Multivariate analyses demonstrated that higher CD8+ TIL density is an independent, significant, and favorable predictive factor for LRFS (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .005) and OS (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .003), although it is not a significant predictor of PFS (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .077).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Higher CD8+ TIL density represents a useful and favorable biomarker of chemoradiosensitivity in patients receiving chemoradiotherapy for nasopharyngeal or oropharyngeal cancer.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>3 <jats:italic>Laryngoscope<\/jats:italic>, 131:E1179\u2013E1189, 2021<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.29097","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,10]],"date-time":"2021-03-10T09:02:56Z","timestamp":1615366976000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["<scp>CD8<\/scp>+ T Cell Infiltration Predicts Chemoradiosensitivity in Nasopharyngeal or Oropharyngeal Cancer"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"131","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2754-0202","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Toshihiko","family":"Kawaguchi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery Kurume University School of Medicine  Kurume Fukuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2414-7034","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takeharu","family":"Ono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery Kurume University School of Medicine  Kurume Fukuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7990-7590","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fumihiko","family":"Sato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery Kurume University School of Medicine  Kurume Fukuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akihiko","family":"Kawahara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Pathology Kurume University Hospital  Kurume Fukuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tatsuyuki","family":"Kakuma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biostatistics Center Kurume University School of Medicine  Kurume Fukuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Akiba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department 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