{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T10:26:07Z","timestamp":1790504767167,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,26]],"date-time":"2020-10-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1603670400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000055","name":"National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32DC000018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32DC000018"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000055","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives\/Hypothesis<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate perceptual speech outcomes following sphincter pharyngoplasty (SP) and to identify patient characteristics associated with velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) resolution or improvement.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective review of prospectively collected data was performed of consecutive patients that underwent SP for management of VPI between 1994 and 2016 at a single tertiary care pediatric hospital. Demographic data, nasendoscopic findings, and speech characteristics were recorded using a standardized protocol. Pre\u2010 and post\u2010operative VPI was graded on a five\u2010point Likert scale. Frequency of post\u2010operative VPI resolution and improvement was assessed and associations with patient characteristics were analyzed. The association between odds of VPI resolution or improvement and five patient characteristics identified a priori was performed controlling for confounding factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Two\u2010hundred ninety\u2010six subjects were included. All patients had at least minimal VPI pre\u2010operatively; 72% were graded moderate or severe. Sixty\u2010four percent experienced resolution and 83% improved at least one point on the VPI\u2010severity scale. Of the five patient characteristics, only history of cleft palate repair was significantly associated with decreased odds of VPI improvement but not resolution when controlling for other variables.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sphincter pharyngoplasty resulted in resolution of VPI in 64% and improvement in 83% of subjects. Children with a history of cleft palate had significantly decreased odds of VPI improvement compared to those without a history of cleft palate. Neither syndrome diagnosis nor 22q11 deletion had a significant association with speech outcomes after sphincter pharyngoplasty.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>4 <jats:italic>Laryngoscope<\/jats:italic>, 131:E2046\u2013E2052, 2021<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.29189","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,26]],"date-time":"2020-10-26T14:19:45Z","timestamp":1603721985000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Speech Outcomes After Sphincter Pharyngoplasty for Velopharyngeal Insufficiency"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"131","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2297-6376","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Austin S.","family":"Lam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology Seattle Children's Hospital  Seattle Washington U.S.A."},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery University of Washington  Seattle Washington U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8975-3022","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erin M.","family":"Kirkham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery University of Michigan  Ann Arbor Michigan U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John P.","family":"Dahl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology Seattle Children's Hospital  Seattle Washington U.S.A."},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery University of Washington  Seattle Washington U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6017-4529","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara L.","family":"Kinter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Speech and Language Services Seattle Children's Hospital  Seattle Washington U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0181-3997","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan A.","family":"Perkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology Seattle Children's Hospital  Seattle Washington U.S.A."},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery University of Washington  Seattle Washington U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathleen C.Y.","family":"Sie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology Seattle Children's Hospital  Seattle Washington U.S.A."},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery University of Washington  Seattle Washington U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","first-page":"68","article-title":"Coming to terms with VPI: a response to Loney and Bloem","volume":"26","author":"Trost\u2010Cardamone JE","year":"1989","journal-title":"Cleft Palate J"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/1545-1569_1992_029_0152_covgsi_2.3.co_2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.133.3.224"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/05-080"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599815591159"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-979282"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MOO.0000000000000063"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.PRS.0000090720.33554.8B"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cps.2013.12.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archoto.2011.114"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-199808000-00021"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/1545-1569(1992)029<0254:EOTSP>2.3.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2015.10.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-198678060-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-200107000-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599818822989"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.134.7.757"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.2013.203"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.132.9.947"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Velopharyngeal movement patterns in patients alternating between oral and glottal articulation: a clinical and cineradiographical study","volume":"23","author":"Henningsson GE","year":"1986","journal-title":"Cleft Palate J"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","unstructured":"Standards for Approval of Cleft Palate and Craniofacial Teams.American cleft palate \u2010 craniofacial association. Available at:https:\/\/acpa\u2010cpf.org\/team\u2010care\/standardscat\/standards\u2010of\u2010approval\u2010for\u2010team\u2010care\/Accessed February 24 2020."}],"container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/lary.29189","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/lary.29189","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/lary.29189","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,24]],"date-time":"2023-10-24T05:09:35Z","timestamp":1698124175000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/lary.29189"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,26]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/lary.29189"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lary.29189","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0023-852X","1531-4995"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0023-852X","type":"print"},{"value":"1531-4995","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-07-07","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-10-07","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-10-26","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}