{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T08:37:14Z","timestamp":1791362234172,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,29]],"date-time":"2020-10-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1603929600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives\/Hypothesis<\/jats:title><jats:p>Intubation with inappropriately sized endotracheal tubes (ETT) can cause long\u2010term tracheal and laryngeal injuries often requiring surgical intervention. Although tracheal size has been demonstrated to vary based on height and sex, it is unclear whether these guidelines are regularly implemented in patients undergoing endotracheal intubation. The objective of this study is to determine the rate of appropriate ETT size selection in patients undergoing intubation and assess provider decision making in ETT size selection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective cohort study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study population was all patients who underwent endotracheal intubation over a two\u2010week period at a tertiary academic medical center. Data were collected on patient age, gender, height, BMI, comorbidities, ETT size, duration of intubation, bronchoscopies, and type of practitioner who performed the intubation. A height\u2010based nomogram for ETT size selection was used to determine the recommended ETT size for each patient.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>One hundred five patients met the inclusion criteria. 22% of patients were intubated with an inappropriately large tube, defined as 1.0\u2009mm larger than the recommended size. Women were more likely to be intubated with an inappropriately large ETT (OR\u00a0=\u00a013.58, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.001), as were patients with height less than 160\u2009cm (OR\u00a0=\u00a0141, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.001). Other factors related to disease severity, anticipation for bronchoscopy, and BMI were not risk factors for the use of inappropriately large ETT.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although there is compelling evidence that height is a strong predictor of tracheal morphology and appropriate ETT size, height\u2010based guidelines have yet to be universally adopted for ETT size selection. <jats:italic>Laryngoscope<\/jats:italic>, 131:1967\u20131971, 2021<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.29192","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,29]],"date-time":"2020-10-29T10:32:48Z","timestamp":1603967568000},"page":"1967-1971","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Current Practices in Endotracheal Tube Size Selection for Adults"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"131","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5004-6600","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Austin C.","family":"Cao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania  Philadelphia Pennsylvania U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shruthi","family":"Rereddy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology \u2010 Head and Neck Surgery University of Pennsylvania  Philadelphia Pennsylvania U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natasha","family":"Mirza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology \u2010 Head and Neck Surgery University of Pennsylvania  Philadelphia Pennsylvania U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-198709000-00025"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-6576.2009.02166.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0265021505000529"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archoto.2011.1427"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.22364"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-197703000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1969.03150170029005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000004015"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0003489415608867"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.24956"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348940711600308"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AIA.0000000000000127"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2044.2012.07250.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199111000-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-198612000-00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/cc2367"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/51.4.375"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.21752"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0003489414549154"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.24943"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1993.03510240069035"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","volume-title":"Anesthesiology Core Review: Part One Basic Exam","author":"Pitts\u2010Kiefer A","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","unstructured":"OrebaughS SnyderJ.Direct laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation in adults. 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