{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T12:03:33Z","timestamp":1782302613320,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,24]],"date-time":"2020-10-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1603497600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004826","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["7172051"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["7172051"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004826","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives\/Hypothesis<\/jats:title><jats:p>The present study investigated the characteristics of early internal laryngeal muscle atrophy in recurrent laryngeal nerve injury (RLNI) rats.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>To observe the characteristics of early internal laryngeal muscle atrophy post RLNI.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Rats were divided into three groups: sham\u2010operated control group (n = 20), recurrent laryngeal nerve transverse injury group (RLNTI, n = 50), and recurrent laryngeal nerve blunt contusion group (RLNBC, n = 50). Five weeks after RLNI, certain rats were sacrificed weekly, and their laryngeal tissues were harvested. The atrophic features of internal laryngeal muscles were detected using hematoxylin and eosin. NF\u2010\u03baB and MuRF\u20101 levels were tested using IHC.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The atrophic degree and fibrosis of thyroarytenoid, posterior cricoarytenoid, and lateral cricoarytenoid muscles were related to the type of RLNI. The average myofiber cross\u2010sectional areas increased before an obvious decrease in the RLNTI and RLNBC groups. Muscle recovery occurred in the RLNBC group starting 4\u2009weeks after RLNI, but only a weak trend was observed in the RLNTI group in the 5th week. During the muscle atrophy process, MuRF\u20101 and NF\u2010\u03baB were upregulated early and were maintained at a high level, which showed a trend similar to muscle atrophy. However, NF\u2010\u03baB expression was opposite to MuRF\u20101 expression and muscle atrophy when the muscles recovered.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The atrophy degree of internal laryngeal muscles was associated with the type of RLNI. The NF\u2010\u03baB\/MuRF\u20101 signaling pathway was involved in internal laryngeal muscle atrophy after RLNI, which is different from skeletal muscle after denervation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>NA <jats:italic>Laryngoscope<\/jats:italic>, 131:E1256\u2013E1264, 2021<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.29210","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,24]],"date-time":"2020-10-24T12:47:55Z","timestamp":1603543675000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Characteristics of Early Internal Laryngeal Muscle Atrophy After Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Injurie<scp>s<\/scp> in Rats"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"131","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9935-6247","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hong","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, 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