{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T16:11:02Z","timestamp":1772640662245,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,5]],"date-time":"2020-11-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604534400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006108","name":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["5TL1TR002242\u201002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5TL1TR002242\u201002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006108","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Long\u2010term functional outcomes are poorly characterized for salvage laryngectomy. We identified predictors of esophageal stricture and swallowing function after salvage laryngectomy in a large cohort.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A retrospective study of 233 patients who underwent salvage total laryngectomy for recurrent\/persistent squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx or hypopharynx after radiation (XRT) or chemoradiation (CRT) was performed. Primary outcomes were esophageal dilation within 1 year, time to dilation, and gastrostomy tube dependence. Multivariate logistic and Cox regressions were used for statistical analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Dilation was performed in 29.9% of patients. Dilation was twice as likely in patients with post\u2010operative fistula compared to those without (Hazard Ratio (HR) 2.10, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 1.06\u20134.13, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .03). Every year between XRT\/CRT and salvage was associated with 10% increase in dilation (HR 1.09, 95% CI 1.03\u20131.17, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .01). No factors were associated with dilation by 1\u2009year. About 10% of patients were at least partially gastrostomy tube\u2010dependent 1\u2009year post\u2010operatively. At last follow\u2010up (median 29\u2009months), this rate was 13%. Patients with supraglottic recurrence had an increased risk of gastrostomy tube dependence at 1\u2009year compared to glottic (OR 16.7, 95% CI 1.73\u2013160, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .02). For every 10 pack years pre\u2010salvage, the OR of requiring tube feeds at last follow\u2010up was 1.24 (95% CI 1.04\u20131.48, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .02).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fistula and pre\u2010salvage smoking were associated with stricture post\u2010salvage laryngectomy. No factors were associated with dilation by 1\u2009year. Supraglottic recurrence and smoking were associated with gastrostomy tube dependence. These findings are important for pre\u2010operative counseling prior to salvage laryngectomy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>Level 4 <jats:italic>Laryngoscope<\/jats:italic>, 131:1229\u20131234, 2021<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.29215","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,5]],"date-time":"2020-11-05T17:04:26Z","timestamp":1604595866000},"page":"1229-1234","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Predictors of Stricture and Swallowing Function Following Salvage Laryngectomy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"131","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1373-7338","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ari D.","family":"Schuman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery Baylor College of Medicine  Houston TX U.S.A."},{"name":"University of Michigan Medical School  Ann Arbor MI U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew C.","family":"Birkeland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery University of California\u2010Davis  Davis CA U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Janice L.","family":"Farlow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery University of Michigan  Ann Arbor MI U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Teresa","family":"Lyden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery University of Michigan  Ann Arbor MI U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Blakely","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery University of Michigan  Ann Arbor MI U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7646-6075","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew E.","family":"Spector","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery University of Michigan  Ann Arbor MI U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6432-5451","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew J.","family":"Rosko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery University of Michigan  Ann Arbor MI U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2012.43.6097"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199106133242402"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2017.75.7385"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejso.2016.05.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599811430911"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2019.02.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MLG.0b013e3180332e39"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.24355"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2019.06.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.25367"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.130.4.401"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.21692"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.suronc.2015.08.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.24030"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.24918"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-017-6278-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000130870"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2011.02.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.20492"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2018.11.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0b013e3181c1ea43"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","first-page":"870","article-title":"The development and validation of a dysphagia\u2010specific quality\u2010of\u2010life questionnaire for patients with head and neck cancer: the M. 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