{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T19:14:27Z","timestamp":1770491667119,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,21]],"date-time":"2020-12-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1608508800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Esthesioneuroblastoma (ENB) is a rare sinonasal malignancy with little known regarding how regional and socioeconomic differences in the United States alter disease survival. The aim of this study is to explore the geographic difference in clinical features, socioeconomic factors, and survival outcomes of ENB patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>ENB cases were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registry from 1975\u20132016. Patient data were stratified based on geographical location and comparative analyses of socioeconomic features, disease characteristics, and survival patterns were performed. Kaplan\u2013Meier regression analyses were used to estimate disease\u2010specific survival (DSS).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 987 patients were identified: 56.4% West, 14.0% South, 12.7% Midwest, and 16.6% East. The West had the highest proportion of patients with Medicaid coverage (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001), stage A malignancy (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001), and treated with surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001). The South had the highest proportion of patients who were Black (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001), uninsured (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001), and resided in rural areas (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001). Five\u2010year DSS patterns were 81.0% (West), 79.8% (East), 67.4% (Midwest), and 72.7% (South) [<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.018]. Ten\u2010year DSS outcomes were 74.0% (West), 73.7% (East), 60.9% (Midwest), and 63.6% (South) [<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.017].<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>In ENB patients, survival disparity exists in the United States based on geographical region. Patients from the West and East exhibit higher survival than those from the South and Midwest.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>4 <jats:italic>Laryngoscope<\/jats:italic>, 131:E2162\u2013E2168, 2021<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.29228","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,22]],"date-time":"2020-12-22T14:38:47Z","timestamp":1608647927000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Geographic and Socioeconomic Factors on Survival in Esthesioneuroblastoma"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"131","author":[{"given":"Sandra T.","family":"Mikhael","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University  Philadelphia Pennsylvania U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abanoob F.","family":"Tadrosse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery Rutgers New Jersey Medical School  Newark New Jersey U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marina F.","family":"Tadrosse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery Rutgers New Jersey Medical School  Newark New Jersey U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arsany","family":"Yassa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery Rutgers New Jersey Medical School  Newark New Jersey U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mina T.","family":"Mikhael","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery Rutgers New Jersey Medical School  Newark New Jersey U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7536-0268","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gregory L.","family":"Barinsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery Rutgers New Jersey Medical School  Newark New Jersey U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8877-5964","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jordon G.","family":"Grube","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery Rutgers New Jersey Medical School  Newark New Jersey U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6047-2788","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christina H.","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery Rutgers New Jersey Medical School  Newark New Jersey U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2893-7818","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jean Anderson","family":"Eloy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery Rutgers New Jersey Medical School  Newark New Jersey U.S.A."},{"name":"Center for Skull Base and Pituitary Surgery, Neurological Institute of New Jersey Rutgers New Jersey Medical School  Newark New Jersey U.S.A."},{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery Rutgers New Jersey Medical School  Newark New Jersey U.S.A."},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science Rutgers New Jersey Medical School  Newark New Jersey U.S.A."},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology and Facial Plastic Surgery Saint Barnabas Medical Center \u2013 RWJBarnabas Health  Livingston New Jersey U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.133.3.276"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","first-page":"2683","article-title":"Esthesioneuroblastoma: a general review of the cases published since the discovery of the tumour in 1924","volume":"17","author":"Broich G","year":"1997","journal-title":"Anticancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1259\/bjrcr.20170077"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/sni.sni_30_17"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.03.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/CMAR.S151945"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.22027"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1748-717X-6-41"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0000000000000749"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(197603)37:3<1571::AID-CNCR2820370347>3.0.CO;2-L"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","unstructured":"United States Department of Commerce Economics and Statistics Administration United States Census Bureau.2010Census Regions and Divisions of the United States."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00220973.1995.9943797"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0013164403251280"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.22029"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.28108"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2013.2549"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2014.2541"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0149886"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1916-0216-43-2"}],"container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/lary.29228","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/lary.29228","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/lary.29228","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,30]],"date-time":"2023-08-30T19:38:55Z","timestamp":1693424335000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/lary.29228"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,21]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/lary.29228"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lary.29228","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0023-852X","1531-4995"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0023-852X","type":"print"},{"value":"1531-4995","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-08-06","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-10-21","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-12-21","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}