{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T06:08:03Z","timestamp":1777961283251,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,20]],"date-time":"2021-02-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1613779200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008102","name":"University of Cincinnati","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2UL1TR001425\u201005A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2UL1TR001425\u201005A"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008102","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives\/Hypothesis<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hypothyroidism is a relatively common complication of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) treatment. The objective of this study was to determine whether the addition of programmed death ligand\u20101 (PD\u20101) or programmed death ligand\u20101 (PD\u2010L1) inhibition (anti\u2010PD\u20101\/PD\u2010L1 therapy) to standard treatment increases the risk of hypothyroidism in HNSCC.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective Cohort.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This is a retrospective, single institutional cohort study. Patients who received radiotherapy (RT) for HNSCC were identified in the electronic medical record. Patient factors collected include age, sex, body mass index (BMI), smoking status, alcohol use, Charlson comorbidity index, and HNSCC treatment records. The rate of hypothyroidism for patients with HNSCC receiving RT (+\/\u2212 chemotherapy and surgery) (RT group, n\u00a0=\u00a0101) was compared to that of HNSCC patients receiving RT (+\/\u2212 chemotherapy and surgery)\u2009+\u2009anti\u2010PD\u20101\/PD\u2010L1 therapy, either concurrently or after RT (RT\u2009+\u2009anti\u2010PD\u20101\/PD\u2010L1 group, n\u00a0=\u00a038).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There was no significant difference in the rate of clinical or subclinical hypothyroidism between the two groups. Multinomial logistic regression found no significant difference in hypothyroidism based on age, sex, or BMI.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The addition of anti\u2010PD\u20101\/PD\u2010L1 therapy to standard HNSCC treatment does not significantly increase the risk of developing hypothyroidism.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>3 <jats:italic>Laryngoscope<\/jats:italic>, 131:E2413\u2013E2419, 2021<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.29451","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,21]],"date-time":"2021-02-21T03:58:48Z","timestamp":1613879928000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Hypothyroidism in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients Receiving Radiotherapy With or Without Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"131","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9953-0882","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer L.","family":"Leddon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Medicine University of Cincinnati Medical Center  Cincinnati OH U.S.A."},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Scientist Training Program University of Cincinnati  Cincinnati OH U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martina","family":"Chirra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Medicine University of Cincinnati Medical Center  Cincinnati OH U.S.A."},{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine University of Cincinnati  Cincinnati OH U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew J.","family":"Frankart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology University of Cincinnati Medical Center  Cincinnati OH U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arushi","family":"Agrawal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology University of Cincinnati Medical Center  Cincinnati OH U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Logan","family":"Roof","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Medicine University of Cincinnati Medical Center  Cincinnati OH U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Danny","family":"Trotier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Medicine University of Cincinnati Medical Center  Cincinnati OH U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hira","family":"Shaikh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology Oncology, 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