{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T02:13:58Z","timestamp":1771467238905,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,2]],"date-time":"2021-04-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617321600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Selective electrical surface stimulation (SES) of the larynx is not yet routinely considered therapy option in treatment of unilateral vocal fold paralysis (UVFP). Goal of this monocentric feasibility study was to provide systematic data on applicability of SES of intrinsic laryngeal muscles in UVFP under consideration of sensitivity and discomfort thresholds and nonselective side effects.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty\u2010two UVFP patients were included in the study. Symmetric triangular\u2010shape, charge\u2010balanced pulse widths (PWs) of 1, 10, 25, 50, 100, 250, and 500 milliseconds (ms) were tested with increasing amplitudes (AMPs). The stimulation was delivered as a train of five pulses using square surface electrodes. Selective laryngeal responses were examined by flexible laryngoscopy. Nonselective side effects (swallowing reflex, coughing, different severity degrees of unspecific strap muscle\/platysma response) were judged by observation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Selective laryngeal response could be triggered in 28\/32 (87.5%) patients during respiration\/rest and in 26\/32 (81.3%) patients during phonation. The most effective PWs for the selective eliciting of selective bilateral vocal fold adduction are comprised between 50 and 100\u2009ms in combination with an average AMP comprised between 7.1 and 7.2\u2009mA.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our results indicate that, in UVFP patients, PWs comprised between 50 and 100\u2009ms in combination with a median AMP between 7.1 and 7.2\u2009mA are expected to deliver in &gt;75% of the cases a specific, effective, and safe bilateral adduction of the VF.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>3 <jats:italic>Laryngoscope<\/jats:italic>, 131:E2566\u2013E2572, 2021<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.29538","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,2]],"date-time":"2021-04-02T09:07:05Z","timestamp":1617354425000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Applicability of Selective Electrical Surface Stimulation in Unilateral Vocal Fold Paralysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"131","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0637-6880","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Annabella","family":"Kurz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology Medical University of Vienna  Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthias","family":"Leonhard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology Medical University of Vienna  Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guan\u2010Yuh","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology Medical University of Vienna  Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ines","family":"Kansy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology Medical University of Vienna  Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Berit","family":"Schneider\u2010Stickler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology Medical University of Vienna  Vienna 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