{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]],"date-time":"2025-05-13T15:31:46Z","timestamp":1747150306411,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,22]],"date-time":"2021-06-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624320000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007698","name":"University of Florida","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007698","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Laryngoscope"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives\/Hypothesis<\/jats:title><jats:p>To compare the hemostatic effects of commonly used concentrations of topical epinephrine in tympanoplasty.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients undergoing tympanoplasty were randomized to receive topical epinephrine at 1:1,000 or 1:10,000. With the investigators blinded, hemostasis was assessed with a modified Boezaart scale. Vasoconstriction was measured by laser Doppler. Blood pressure and pulse were tracked.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty patients, 4 to 84\u2009years old, were studied, with 15 patients per group. Boezaart scores dropped a mean of 67% and 62% with 1:1,000 and 1:10,000, respectively (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u2009.44). Capillary blood flow decreased a mean of 50.4% and 50.9% with 1:1,000 and 1:10,000, respectively (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u2009.95). The mean change in heart rate and mean arterial pressure after topical epinephrine exposure were \u22124.9 and \u22120.73 beats per minute (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u2009.15), and \u22120.60 and \u22120.73\u2009mmHg (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u2009.96) for 1:1,000 and 1:10,000 respectively. No adverse events occurred in either group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Topical epinephrine at 1:10,000 has hemostatic efficacy comparable to 1:1,000 in tympanoplasty. Although both concentrations appear safe, use of topical epinephrine 1:10,000 should be considered over 1:1,000 to minimize the potential for adverse events.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>2 <jats:italic>Laryngoscope<\/jats:italic>, 131:2319\u20132322, 2021<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.29688","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,22]],"date-time":"2021-06-22T11:30:00Z","timestamp":1624361400000},"page":"2319-2322","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Efficacy of Topical Epinephrine in Tympanoplasty"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"131","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2742-7496","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marna A.","family":"List","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology University of Florida  Gainesville Florida 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